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Una región cortical compuesta enteramente de células selectivas de la cara
Doris Y Tsao1, Winrich A Freiwald, Roger B H Tootell
1Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. doris@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 4, 2006
Resumen
Los investigadores identificaron una región cerebral dedicada para el procesamiento facial en monos macacos. Usando imágenes de resonancia magnética funcional (fMRI) y grabación de una sola unidad, encontraron que casi todas las neuronas en esta área son altamente selectivas para el rostro.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- La cognición de los primates.
- Procesamiento visual Procesamiento visual
Sus antecedentes:
- La percepción facial es vital para los primates.
- La resonancia magnética funcional (fMRI) ha identificado regiones corticales selectivas del rostro en humanos y macacos.
- La función precisa de las neuronas individuales dentro de estas regiones sigue sin caracterizarse.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la selectividad de estímulo de las neuronas individuales dentro de las regiones de cara selectiva identificadas por fMRI en macacos.
- Para determinar si existe un área cortical dedicada para el procesamiento facial en macacos.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó la resonancia magnética funcional para identificar la mayor región selectiva del rostro en dos macacos.
- Registros realizados de una sola unidad dentro de la región específica identificada con IRMf.
- Respuestas neuronales grabadas a estímulos visuales, incluyendo rostros y objetos.
Principales resultados:
- Casi todas las neuronas que responden visualmente (97%) dentro de la región objetivo exhibieron una fuerte selectividad facial.
- Este alto grado de selectividad sugiere un papel especializado para esta área cortical.
Conclusiones:
- Un área cortical dedicada para el procesamiento facial existe en el cerebro del macaco.
- Estos hallazgos apoyan la existencia de mecanismos neuronales especializados para el reconocimiento facial en primates.
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