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La estructura del sustrato del receptor de insulina IRS-1 define una proteína única de transducción de señales
X J Sun1, P Rothenberg, C R Kahn
1Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215.
Nature
|July 4, 1991
Resumen
Los investigadores identificaron IRS-1, una proteína que vincula las señales de los receptores de insulina con el metabolismo celular y el crecimiento. Este descubrimiento avanza en la comprensión de cómo funciona la insulina a nivel celular en la investigación de la diabetes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología molecular La biología molecular.
- La señalización celular de las células.
- Investigación de la diabetes en la investigación de la diabetes.
Sus antecedentes:
- El mecanismo celular de la insulina sigue siendo incompletamente entendido a pesar de su descubrimiento hace 70 años.
- Se desconocen los eventos moleculares que conectan la quinasa del receptor de insulina con las enzimas aguas abajo.
- La activación del receptor de insulina implica la unión a las subunidades alfa y la activación de la tirosina quinasa en las subunidades beta.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para identificar los sustratos celulares específicos de la quinasa del receptor de insulina.
- Para dilucidar los mecanismos moleculares que vinculan la activación del receptor de insulina a las respuestas celulares.
- Comprender el papel de la fosforilación de proteínas en las vías de señalización de la insulina.
Principales métodos:
- Descubrimiento de la fosforilación de tirosina estimulada por insulina de una banda proteica (pp185).
- La clonación de IRS-1 (Substrato del Receptor de la Insulina-1), un componente de las páginas 185.5.
- Análisis de los sitios de fosforilación de IRS-1 y las interacciones de unión.
Principales resultados:
- La insulina estimula la fosforilación de la tirosina de la pp185, una fosfoproteína del citoplasma.
- IRS-1 codifica un componente de pp185 y contiene múltiples sitios de fosforilación de tirosina.
- El IRS-1 se somete a la fosforilación de la tirosina tras la estimulación de la insulina y se une a la fosfatidilinositol 3-quinasa.
Conclusiones:
- IRS-1 actúa como una proteína de acoplamiento, vinculando la quinasa del receptor de insulina a las moléculas transductoras de señales.
- IRS-1 juega un papel crucial en la mediación de los efectos de la insulina en el crecimiento celular y el metabolismo.
- Este hallazgo proporciona un vínculo clave en la comprensión de la acción de la insulina a nivel celular.
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