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Patrones de consumo mundial de tabaco en jóvenes e implicaciones para la futura carga de enfermedades crónicas en
C W Warren1, N R Jones, M P Eriksen
1Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. wcw1@cdc.gov
Lancet (London, England)
|March 7, 2006
Resumen
Jóvenes jóvenes jóvenes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Salud Global La salud global.
Sus antecedentes:
- El consumo de tabaco es un factor de riesgo prevenible primario para las enfermedades crónicas.
- Los trastornos crónicos representan una creciente carga global de enfermedades.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el impacto del consumo de tabaco entre los jóvenes en la mortalidad mundial.
- Para analizar los patrones de consumo de tabaco y la exposición al humo de segunda mano entre los adolescentes.
Principales métodos:
- La Encuesta Mundial sobre el Tabaco Juvenil (GYTS, por sus siglas en inglés) involucró a jóvenes de 13 a 15 años de 131 países.
- Datos recopilados sobre el consumo actual de tabaco, la susceptibilidad al tabaquismo y la exposición al humo de segunda mano.
Principales resultados:
- Las disparidades entre los géneros en el consumo de cigarrillos se están reduciendo a nivel mundial.
- El uso de productos de tabaco no cigarrillos es prevalente, igualando el uso de cigarrillos en muchas regiones.
- Casi el 20% de los nunca fumadores son susceptibles a fumar en el futuro.
- Se informó de altas tasas de exposición al humo de segunda mano en el hogar y en público.
- Los nunca fumadores tenían una exposición al humo de segunda mano significativamente menor que los fumadores actuales.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos indican un futuro preocupante para las enfermedades crónicas y la mortalidad relacionada con el tabaco.
- Se necesitan esfuerzos intensificados para prevenir el inicio del tabaquismo y promover el abandono del tabaco entre los jóvenes.
- La exposición generalizada al humo de segunda mano requiere políticas robustas y efectivas contra el humo del cigarrillo.
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