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Explosiones de rayos gamma: enorme explosión en el Universo temprano
G Cusumano1, V Mangano, G Chincarini
1INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy. cusumano@ifc.inaf.it
Nature
|March 10, 2006
Resumen
La explosión de rayos gamma larga (GRB) más distante observada ocurrió hace 12.800 millones de años. Esta explosión cósmica proporciona información sobre la formación temprana de estrellas y el desarrollo de agujeros negros en el universo joven.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La astronomía y la astrofísica.
- Cosmología Cosmología.
- Astrofísica de altas energías de alta energía.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las explosiones largas de rayos gamma (GRB) son fenómenos energéticos relacionados con el colapso de estrellas masivas.
- El universo temprano (alrededor de 890 millones de años después del Big Bang) fue un período de formación y evolución estelar significativa.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Informar y analizar las observaciones del estallido de rayos gamma largo más distante jamás detectado (GRB 050904).
- Para investigar las condiciones del universo temprano, específicamente la formación de estrellas y los orígenes de los agujeros negros, cerca de la era de reionización.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó observaciones de rayos gamma y rayos X para detectar y analizar GRB 050904.4.
- Determinado el corrimiento al rojo (z = 6.29) de la GRB para establecer su distancia y edad.
Principales resultados:
- GRB 050904 se detectó en un corrimiento al rojo de 6.29, colocando su origen 12.800 millones de años en el pasado.
- El evento ocurrió cuando el universo tenía aproximadamente 890 millones de años, cerca de la época de reionización cósmica.
- Confirmó la existencia de la evolución de estrellas masivas y la formación de agujeros negros en el universo temprano.
Conclusiones:
- La observación de este GRB distante apoya el modelo de colapso para GRB largos.
- Demuestra que la formación de estrellas y la evolución, que conduce a la creación de agujeros negros, ocurrieron rápidamente en el universo temprano.
- Proporciona datos cruciales para comprender la evolución de las galaxias y las condiciones durante la era de reionización.
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