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Un consorcio microbiano combina la oxidación anaeróbica del metano con la desnitrificación
Ashna A Raghoebarsing1, Arjan Pol, Katinka T van de Pas-Schoonen
1Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Nature
|April 14, 2006
Resumen
Los científicos descubrieron un nuevo proceso microbiano en el que el metano se convierte en dióxido de carbono utilizando nitrato en ausencia de oxígeno. Este hallazgo desafía las creencias anteriores sobre la oxidación del metano e impacta los ciclos globales de metano y nitrógeno.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología ambiental microbiología ambiental.
- Los ciclos biogeoquímicos son ciclos biogeoquímicos.
Sus antecedentes:
- La agricultura moderna intensifica los ciclos globales de metano y nitrógeno.
- Los sedimentos de agua dulce reciben mayores flujos de nitrato y metano.
- Anteriormente se pensaba que la oxidación anaeróbica del metano requería oxígeno o sulfato.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la posibilidad de la oxidación anaeróbica del metano junto con la desnitrificación.
- Para identificar los microorganismos capaces de este proceso.
Principales métodos:
- Enriquecimiento de un consorcio microbiano a partir de sedimentos anóxicos de agua dulce.
- Incubación del consorcio en condiciones anaerobias con metano y nitrato.
- Análisis de los productos de oxidación y desnitrificación del metano.
Principales resultados:
- Un consorcio microbiano oxidó directamente el metano a dióxido de carbono junto con la desnitrificación de forma anaeróbica.
- El consorcio estaba compuesto por una nueva bacteria y un arqueón.
- Los parientes de estos microorganismos están muy extendidos en los ecosistemas de agua dulce.
Conclusiones:
- La oxidación anaeróbica directa del metano junto con la desnitrificación es un proceso microbiano viable.
- Esta vía recién identificada puede contribuir significativamente al ciclo global de metano y nitrógeno.
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