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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Alkali Metals03:06

Alkali Metals

Group 1 elements are soft and shiny metallic solids. They are malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. The melting points of the alkali metals are unusually low for metals and decrease going down the group, while the density increases going down the group with the exception of potassium (Table 1).
Table 1: Properties of the alkali metals
Weak Acid Solutions04:02

Weak Acid Solutions

Few compounds act as strong acids. A far greater number of compounds behave as weak acids and only partially react with water, leaving a large majority of dissolved molecules in their original form and generating a relatively small amount of hydronium ions. Weak acids are commonly encountered in nature, being the substances partly responsible for the tangy taste of citrus fruits, the stinging sensation of insect bites, and the unpleasant smells associated with body odor. A familiar example of a...
Voltaic/Galvanic Cells02:47

Voltaic/Galvanic Cells

Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
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Batteries and Fuel Cells

A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
Types of Reversible Electrodes01:24

Types of Reversible Electrodes

For electrode reversibility to be maintained, all the reactants and products involved in the half-reaction must be present at the electrode. There are several types of reversible electrodes (half-cells).In metal-metal-ion electrodes, a metal balances electrochemically with a solution of its own ions. Examples are Cu2+|Cu and Zn2+|Zn. Metals that react with the solvent, like group 1 and most group 2 metals, which react with water, and zinc, which reacts with aqueous acidic solutions, cannot be...
The Electrical Double Layer01:30

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In the region where two bulk phases meet, an intricate electric charge distribution arises due to charge transfer, ion adsorption, molecular orientation, and charge distortion. This complex distribution is commonly referred to as the electrical double layer.When a solid electrode interfaces with ions in an electrolyte solution, the speed of electron transfer dictates the rates of oxidation and reduction. The electrode acquires a charge through the escape of atoms into the solution as cations or...

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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Las perovskitas dobles como materiales de ánodo para las pilas de combustible de óxido sólido.

Yun-Hui Huang1, Ronald I Dass, Zheng-Liang Xing

  • 1Texas Materials Institute, ETC 9.102, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 15, 2006
PubMed
Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron nuevos materiales de ánodo de perovskita doble para celdas de combustible de óxido sólido. Estos materiales ofrecen estabilidad a largo plazo y tolerancia al azufre, lo que permite un uso eficiente del gas natural y los combustibles de hidrógeno.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
  • La electroquímica es electroquímica.
  • Conversión de energía Conversión de energía.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La creciente demanda de eficiencia de combustible y reducción de la contaminación impulsa el desarrollo de celdas de combustible de óxido sólido (SOFC).
  • Las barreras para la adopción de combustible de hidrógeno requieren materiales de ánodo alternativos para los SOFC que funcionan con gas natural.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Identificar y caracterizar nuevos materiales de ánodo para los SOFC capaces de funcionar a 650-1000°C con gas natural.
  • Para evaluar la estabilidad del material, la tolerancia al azufre y el rendimiento electroquímico.

Principales métodos:

  • Síntesis y caracterización de perovskitas dobles con la fórmula Sr2Mg(1-x) MnxMoO ((6-delta).
  • Evaluación de la estabilidad del material en condiciones de funcionamiento.
  • Prueba del rendimiento de una sola célula utilizando hidrógeno y metano como combustibles.

Principales resultados:

  • Se identificó Sr2Mg{1-x) MnxMoO{6-delta) como un material de ánodo de perovskita doble prometedor.
  • Ha demostrado estabilidad a largo plazo y tolerancia a las impurezas de azufre.
  • Logró un rendimiento superior de una sola célula con combustibles de hidrógeno y metano.

Conclusiones:

  • Las perovskitas dobles desarrolladas son adecuadas para aplicaciones de SOFC que requieren gas natural o combustible de hidrógeno.
  • Estos materiales abordan desafíos clave en la tecnología SOFC, allanando el camino para una adopción más amplia.