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Una explicación basada en el receptor TAS1R del "gusto de agua" dulce
Veronica Galindo-Cuspinera1, Marcel Winnig, Bernd Bufe
1Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Nature
|April 25, 2006
Resumen
Los enjuagues de agua pueden tener un sabor dulce después de usar edulcorantes. Esto ocurre porque la eliminación del inhibidor permite que el receptor del sabor dulce (TAS1R2-TAS1R3) se active, creando una impresión posterior dulce.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- La ciencia sensorial es la ciencia sensorial.
- Investigación de la Gustatividad.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los efectos secundarios gustativos, o 'sabores de agua', son fenómenos poco comprendidos después de la eliminación de la solución de sabor.
- Las teorías existentes sugieren la adaptación o una respuesta positiva de las células receptoras del gusto.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los mecanismos subyacentes a los dulces 'gustos de agua'.
- Para determinar si las impresiones posteriores dulces resultan de la activación del receptor después de la eliminación del inhibidor.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron células cultivadas que expresan el receptor del edulcorante humano (TAS1R2-TAS1R3).
- Comparó las respuestas psicofísicas con las respuestas celulares a los inhibidores del sabor dulce y subsecuentes enjuagues de agua.
Principales resultados:
- Se produjo un "gusto de agua" dulce cuando se enjuagaron los inhibidores del sabor dulce.
- Las células cultivadas mostraron respuestas que reflejaban las observaciones psicofísicas, activándose tras la eliminación del inhibidor.
- Esta actividad de "rebote" resulta de que el receptor dulce alostérico cambia a un estado activado después de la liberación de la inhibición.
Conclusiones:
- La activación del receptor de edulcorantes humano (TAS1R2-TAS1R3) tras la eliminación del inhibidor explica el dulce "gusto por el agua".
- Esto demuestra un mecanismo de respuesta positiva en la percepción del gusto, desafiando las teorías de adaptación solamente.
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