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Un nuevo sistema micelar inverso parecido a un gusano: mezclas de sales biliares y lecitina en líquidos orgánicos
Shih-Huang Tung1, Yi-En Huang, Srinivasa R Raghavan
1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-2111, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 28, 2006
Resumen
Los investigadores descubrieron un nuevo método para crear micelas similares a gusanos inversos utilizando sales biliares y lecitina en líquidos orgánicos. Esto mejora significativamente la viscosidad del fluido al formar redes micelares entrelazadas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias coloidales y de la superficie.
- Química de materiales Química de materiales
- Reología Reología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las micelas inversa parecidas a gusanos se forman típicamente en disolventes no polares con agua.
- Las soluciones de lecitina en líquidos orgánicos tienen generalmente baja viscosidad.
- El control de la formación de micelas es clave para afinar las propiedades del fluido.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar un nuevo método para la formación de micelas inversa de tipo gusano sin agua.
- Investigar el papel de las sales biliares en la formación de micelas y la reología de fluidos.
- Comprender la relación entre la estructura de las micelas y las propiedades del fluido a granel.
Principales métodos:
- Adición de pequeñas cantidades de sales biliares (desoxicolato de sodio) a las soluciones de lecitina en líquidos orgánicos no polares (ciclohexano, n-decano).
- Mediciones reológicas para determinar cambios en la viscosidad.
- Experimentos de dispersión de neutrones de ángulo pequeño (SANS) para confirmar el crecimiento de micelas.
Principales resultados:
- Se estableció una nueva ruta para la formación de micelas inversa parecidas a gusanos utilizando sales biliares y lecitina.
- Las sales biliares, debido a su anfifilicidad facial, indujeron la agregación longitudinal de las moléculas de lecitina.
- La viscosidad de los organosolos de lecitina aumentó en más de 5 órdenes de magnitud debido a las enredadas redes de micela inversa.
- Se identificó la proporción molar de sales biliares a la lecitina como el factor clave que controla el aumento de la viscosidad.
Conclusiones:
- Las sales biliares pueden actuar como agentes efectivos de dirección de la estructura para la formación de micela inversa en medios orgánicos, reemplazando la necesidad de agua.
- La formación de redes transitorias y entrelazadas de micelas inversa parecidas a gusanos altera drásticamente las propiedades viscoelásticas de las soluciones de lecitina.
- Este trabajo proporciona una nueva vía para diseñar y controlar el comportamiento reológico de los organosolos a través de estructuras micelares a medida.
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