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La estructura a gran escala del Universo
Volker Springel1, Carlos S Frenk, Simon D M White
1Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 1, 85740 Garching, Germany. vspringel@mpa-garching.mpg.de
Nature
|April 28, 2006
Resumen
La estructura cósmica se formó a partir de ondas del universo primitivo amplificadas por la gravedad durante 14 mil millones de años. Las simulaciones por computadora y las observaciones astronómicas confirman este modelo de formación de galaxias.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cosmología Cosmología.
- La astrofísica es la astrofísica.
- Formación de galaxias Formación de galaxias
Sus antecedentes:
- La comprensión actual de la formación de la estructura cósmica postula que las fluctuaciones iniciales de densidad en el universo temprano fueron las semillas de todas las estructuras a gran escala observadas.
- Estas ondas primordiales, presentes en la sopa del universo primitivo, fueron amplificadas por las fuerzas gravitacionales en escalas de tiempo cósmicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para explicar el origen y la evolución del rico tapiz de la estructura cósmica del universo.
- Para conectar los primeros momentos del universo con la formación de las galaxias observadas hoy en día.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizando simulaciones por computadora a gran escala para modelar la amplificación de las ondas primordiales.
- La realización de pruebas de observación que examinan la historia del universo desde 400.000 años después del Big Bang.
Principales resultados:
- Demostró que las ondas débiles en el universo temprano, amplificadas por la gravedad, conducen a la formación de concentraciones de materia oscura.
- Se demostró que estas concentraciones de materia oscura facilitan el enfriamiento, la condensación y la fragmentación de los gases para formar galaxias.
Conclusiones:
- La estructura cósmica observada es el resultado de la amplificación gravitacional de las fluctuaciones cuánticas iniciales durante 14 mil millones de años.
- Las simulaciones por computadora y los datos de observación proporcionan evidencia consistente para este modelo cosmológico de formación de estructuras.
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