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Efectos del entrenamiento de resistencia en la sensibilidad del barorreflejo y la presión arterial en la hipertensión
V K Somers1, J Conway, J Johnston
1Cardiac Department, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|June 8, 1991
Resumen
El entrenamiento de resistencia redujo significativamente la presión arterial en pacientes con hipertensión leve o límite. Este entrenamiento físico mejoró la sensibilidad del barorreflejo, lo que sugiere que puede normalizar los niveles de presión arterial.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Fisiología cardiovascular fisiología cardiovascular.
- Ciencias del ejercicio Ciencia del ejercicio.
Sus antecedentes:
- La eficacia del entrenamiento físico para el manejo de la hipertensión sigue siendo objeto de debate.
- Se buscan intervenciones no farmacológicas para la hipertensión leve y límite.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el impacto del entrenamiento de resistencia en la presión arterial y la sensibilidad del barorreflejo en pacientes con hipertensión límite.
- Para evaluar los cambios en la vigilia, el sueño y la presión arterial ambulatoria después del entrenamiento y el desentrenamiento.
Principales métodos:
- 16 pacientes con hipertensión límite participaron en un programa de entrenamiento de resistencia de 6 meses.
- Las mediciones incluyeron la sensibilidad al barorreflejo, la presión arterial en reposo y ambulatoria, y la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca.
- Un subconjunto de pacientes se sometió a un período de desentrenamiento para evaluar la reversibilidad de los efectos.
Principales resultados:
- El entrenamiento de resistencia condujo a reducciones significativas en la presión arterial sistólica (9,7 mmHg) y diastólica (6,8 mmHg) en reposo.
- La presión arterial ambulatoria también disminuyó significativamente después del entrenamiento (sistólica 4.8 mmHg, diastólica 7.5 mmHg).
- La sensibilidad del barorreflejo aumentó con la mejora de la condición física (14,0 a 17,5 ms / mmHg), pero la presión arterial del sueño no cambió.
Conclusiones:
- El entrenamiento de resistencia puede reducir eficazmente la presión arterial en personas con hipertensión leve o límite.
- La mejora de la sensibilidad al barorreflejo se asocia con la aptitud física en esta población.
- El entrenamiento físico es una estrategia no farmacológica viable para normalizar la presión arterial en pacientes hipertensivos seleccionados.
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