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Influenza A y enfermedad meningocócica
K A Cartwright1, D M Jones, A J Smith
1Public Health Laboratory, Gloucester Royal Hospital, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|August 31, 1991
Resumen
Los brotes de gripe A pueden aumentar el riesgo de enfermedad meningocócica. Este estudio encontró una asociación significativa, lo que sugiere que la influenza A suprime la inmunidad, lo que hace que las personas sean más vulnerables a las infecciones meningocócicas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Enfermedades infecciosas Enfermedades infecciosas.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- La evidencia anecdótica sugiere un vínculo entre la gripe y los brotes de enfermedad meningocócica.
- Un aumento notable en las infecciones meningocócicas siguió a un brote de gripe A en Inglaterra y Gales a finales de 1989.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la relación entre los brotes de influenza A y la posterior incidencia de enfermedad meningocócica.
- Para cuantificar el riesgo de enfermedad meningocócica después de una epidemia de influenza A.
Principales métodos:
- Diseño del estudio de casos y controles que compara a pacientes con enfermedad meningocócica con controles de la misma edad.
- Pruebas serológicas para detectar una infección reciente de influenza A en los participantes del estudio.
Principales resultados:
- Los pacientes con enfermedad meningocócica tenían una probabilidad significativamente mayor de tener evidencia serológica de infección reciente por influenza A (OR = 3,9, IC del 95% 1,2-13,9).
- La asociación se observó aproximadamente dos semanas después del brote de influenza A.
Conclusiones:
- La infección por influenza A parece aumentar la susceptibilidad a la enfermedad meningocócica, probablemente debido a la supresión inmune inducida.
- Las estrategias de salud pública deben considerar esta asociación, preparándose para un mayor riesgo de enfermedad meningocócica durante las epidemias de influenza A.
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