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Lentes de contacto y otros factores de riesgo de queratitis microbiana
J K Dart1, F Stapleton, D Minassian
1Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 14, 1991
Resumen
El uso de lentes de contacto aumenta significativamente el riesgo de queratitis microbiana, una infección ocular grave. El desgaste prolongado de lentes de contacto blandos plantea el mayor riesgo en comparación con otros tipos de lentes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oftalmología Oftalmología.
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La queratitis microbiana es una afección ocular rara pero grave, relacionada principalmente con el uso de lentes de contacto (LC).
- Comprender los riesgos específicos asociados con el desgaste de CL y otras causas es crucial para la prevención.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar los riesgos relativos del uso de lentes de contacto y otros factores que contribuyen a la queratitis microbiana.
- Para cuantificar el riesgo atribuible a la población de queratitis microbiana relacionada con el uso de CL.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles con 91 casos de queratitis, incluidos 60 usuarios de lentes de contacto.
- Los riesgos relativos (RR) y los porcentajes de riesgo atribuible a la población (PAR%) se calcularon para varias causas y tipos de CL.
Principales resultados:
- El uso de lentes de contacto presentaba un alto riesgo relativo (RR = 80) de queratitis en comparación con los casos sin condiciones predisponentes.
- El uso de lentes de contacto representó el 65% del riesgo atribuible de la población para la queratitis microbiana.
- El uso prolongado de lentes de contacto blandos mostró un riesgo significativamente mayor (RR = 21) que el uso diario de lentes blandas (RR = 3.6) o lentes duras (RR = 1.3).
Conclusiones:
- El desgaste de lentes de contacto es la principal causa de queratitis microbiana, en particular las lentes de uso prolongado blandas.
- El uso continuo de lentes de contacto durante más de seis días aumenta el riesgo de desarrollar esta condición que amenaza la vista.
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