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Los eventos estresantes de la vida y la enfermedad de Graves
B Winsa1, H O Adami, R Bergström
1Department of Internal Medicine, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Lancet (London, England)
|December 14, 1991
Resumen
Los eventos estresantes de la vida y los antecedentes familiares de enfermedad de la tiroides son factores de riesgo significativos para desarrollar Graves.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Endocrinología Endocrinología.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Psiconeuroinmunología psiconeuroinmunología
Sus antecedentes:
- El vínculo entre los eventos estresantes de la vida y la aparición de la enfermedad de Graves se debate debido a las limitaciones en estudios anteriores.
- Las investigaciones anteriores carecían de controles adecuados y de especificidad diagnóstica, lo que condujo a hallazgos no concluyentes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre los eventos de la vida, la herencia, el apoyo social y el riesgo de desarrollar la enfermedad de Graves.
- Realizar un estudio de casos y controles basado en la población para aclarar los posibles factores de riesgo.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó un estudio de caso-control basado en la población en un área con aproximadamente 1 millón de habitantes.
- 208 pacientes recién diagnosticados con enfermedad de Graves y 372 controles emparejados completaron un cuestionario enviado por correo sobre varios factores de estilo de vida y familiares.
- El análisis de los datos incluyó análisis multivariados para ajustar los factores de confusión.
Principales resultados:
- Los pacientes informaron significativamente más eventos negativos de la vida en el año anterior al diagnóstico (OR 6.3).
- Un historial familiar de enfermedad de la tiroides, particularmente entre parientes de primer y segundo grado, aumentó el riesgo de enfermedad de Graves (OR 3.6).
- El divorcio (OR 1.8) y el menor consumo de alcohol (OR 0.4) también se asociaron con un mayor riesgo.
Conclusiones:
- Los eventos negativos de la vida y la predisposición hereditaria se identifican como factores de riesgo significativos para la enfermedad de Graves.
- Estos hallazgos apoyan el papel de los factores psicosociales y genéticos en la etiología de la enfermedad de Graves.
- Se necesita más investigación para dilucidar los mecanismos subyacentes.
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