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Observaciones espectrales de Spitzer de las eyecciones de impacto profundo
C M Lisse1, J Vancleve, A C Adams
1Planetary Exploration Group, Space Department, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, MD 20723, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 15, 2006
Resumen
El Telescopio Espacial Spitzer analizó las eyecciones del cometa 9P/Tempel 1, revelando diversos materiales como silicatos e hidrocarburos. Esta composición sugiere procesos de mezcla eficientes en la nebulosa solar temprana.
Área de la Ciencia:
- El polvo cósmico y la ciencia planetaria
- Ciencia de los Cometas Ciencia de los Cometas
- La astroquímica es astroquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los cometas proporcionan información sobre las primeras nebulosas solares.
- La misión Deep Impact ofreció una oportunidad única para estudiar las eyecciones cometarias.
- El análisis espectroscópico revela la composición de los materiales cometarios.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar la composición de las eyecciones del cometa 9P/Tempel 1 utilizando datos del Telescopio Espacial Spitzer.
- Para comparar la composición de los eyectos con otros materiales cometarios y circumestelares.
- Para inferir procesos que ocurren en la nebulosa solar temprana basada en materiales observados.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó el espectrómetro de imágenes del Telescopio Espacial Spitzer para obtener espectros infrarrojos (5-35 micrómetros) de los eyectos del cometa 9P/Tempel 1.
- Se analizaron las firmas de emisión para identificar varios compuestos, incluidos silicatos, carbonos, carbonatos, filosilicatos, hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos, agua y sulfuros.
- Comparó los espectros observados con los datos del cometa C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) y el joven objeto estelar HD100546.
Principales resultados:
- Se detectó una rica variedad de materiales en la eyección, incluidos silicatos amorfos y cristalinos, carbono amorfo, carbonatos, filosilicatos, hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos, agua (gas y hielo) y sulfuros.
- Se encontró una buena concordancia entre los espectros de eyecciones y materiales del cometa Hale-Bopp y el entorno circumestelar de HD100546.
- Las abundancias atómicas determinadas son consistentes con los valores solares y condríticos C1, con una relación polvo/gas >= 1.3.
Conclusiones:
- La mezcla de materiales observada en el eyecto del cometa 9P/Tempel 1 indica la presencia de fases de alta y baja temperatura.
- El recocido eficiente de silicatos amorfos y la mezcla a gran escala de materiales se produjeron en las primeras nebulosas protosolares.
- La composición de los cometas sirve como un valioso archivo de las condiciones y procesos en el nacimiento del sistema solar.
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