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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Chemical Reactions01:19

Chemical Reactions

A chemical reaction is a process by which the bonds in the atoms of substances are rearranged to generate new substances. Matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction—the same type and number of atoms that make up the reactants are still present in the products. Merely, the rearrangement of chemical bonds produces new compounds.
Chemical Reactions Rearrange Atoms into New Substances
A chemical reaction takes starting materials—the reactants—and changes them into different...
Chemical Reactions02:26

Chemical Reactions

A balanced chemical equation provides the information of chemical formulas of the reactants and products involved in the chemical change. A reaction’s stoichiometry helps predict how much of the reactant is needed to produce the desired amount of product, or in some cases, how much product will be formed from a specific amount of the reactant.
The relative amounts of reactants and products represented in a balanced chemical equation are often referred to as stoichiometric amounts. However, in...
Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
Types of Chemical Reactions: Anabolic and Catabolic01:19

Types of Chemical Reactions: Anabolic and Catabolic

The first law of thermodynamics holds that energy can neither be created nor destroyed—it can only change form. An organism's essential function is to consume (ingest) energy and molecules in the foods we eat, convert some of it into fuel for movement, sustain our body functions, and build and maintain our body structures. There are two types of reactions that accomplish this: anabolism and catabolism.
Anabolism is the process of combining smaller, simpler molecules into larger, more complex...
Types of Chemical Reactions: Exchange and Reversible01:08

Types of Chemical Reactions: Exchange and Reversible

An exchange reaction is a chemical reaction in which both synthesis and decomposition occur, chemical bonds are both formed and broken, and chemical energy is absorbed, stored, and released.
A special kind of exchange reaction is the oxidation-reduction reaction, or the redox reaction. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one compound to another. The electrons in these reactions commonly come from hydrogen atoms, which consist of an electron and a proton. A molecule gives up a...
Reversible or Opposing Reactions01:26

Reversible or Opposing Reactions

Reversible or opposing reactions play a crucial role in understanding the dynamic nature of chemical processes. While kinetics focuses on how reactions proceed, thermodynamics emphasizes that most reactions do not reach completion. Instead, a reverse reaction starts occurring over time, and when its rate equals that of the forward reaction, a dynamic equilibrium is established.For example, consider a simple chemical process where A forms B reversibly. The rate constants for the forward and...

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The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry
07:02

The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry

Published on: August 25, 2016

Una reacción reversible dentro de una cápsula autoensamblada.

Tetsuo Iwasawa1, Enrique Mann, Julius Rebek

  • 1The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 20, 2006
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Este estudio demuestra que la encapsulación reversible estabiliza y amplifica las moléculas traza en solución. Estas cápsulas sintéticas facilitan la observación directa de moléculas aisladas y sus reacciones en condiciones ambientales.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Química supramolecular de las moléculas.
  • Ingeniería Química Ingeniería Química.
  • Química Física es la química física.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La encapsulación estabiliza las moléculas reactivas dentro de los receptores sintéticos.
  • Las enzimas estabilizan los intermediarios de reacción, una característica clave de la catálisis.
  • Observar moléculas aisladas en solución en condiciones ambientales es un desafío.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para demostrar la encapsulación reversible para la observación molecular directa.
  • Para demostrar que las cápsulas pueden amplificar y estabilizar las moléculas traza.
  • Para investigar las reacciones químicas dentro de cápsulas sintéticas.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizando cápsulas autoensambladas para el aislamiento molecular.
  • Empleando técnicas de encapsulación reversible.
  • Observación de moléculas encapsuladas bajo condiciones ambientales, de equilibrio y de fase líquida.

Principales resultados:

  • Se han aislado y estabilizado con éxito moléculas presentes en pequeñas concentraciones.
  • Amplificación demostrada de especies de alta energía con entropias reducidas.
  • Proporcionó evidencia de reacciones químicas reversibles que ocurren dentro de la cápsula.

Conclusiones:

  • La encapsulación reversible permite la observación directa de moléculas aisladas.
  • Las cápsulas sintéticas pueden imitar las propiedades enzimáticas mediante la estabilización de especies reactivas.
  • Este método ofrece un nuevo enfoque para el estudio de fenómenos químicos de baja concentración.