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Un modo dipolo en el Océano Índico tropical
N H Saji1, B N Goswami, P N Vinayachandran
1Institute for Global Change Research, SEAVANS N 7F, 1-2-1 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105 6791, Japan.
Nature
|July 25, 2006
Resumen
Los científicos descubrieron un nuevo modo dipolo en el Océano Índico, una interacción única entre el aire y el mar que impulsa la variabilidad climática. Este hallazgo mejora el pronóstico a largo plazo de las anomalías de lluvia en regiones como el este de África e Indonesia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
- Climatología y climatología.
- Meteorología Meteorología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Se reconocen modos internos de variabilidad climática en los océanos Pacífico y Atlántico.
- Una interacción similar entre el océano y la atmósfera que impulsa la variabilidad climática interanual no se había descubierto anteriormente en el Océano Índico.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar y caracterizar los modos internos de variabilidad climática en el Océano Índico.
- Investigar la interacción océano-atmósfera responsable de la variabilidad climática interanual en la región.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de datos de observación que abarcan los últimos 40 años.
- Examen de las temperaturas de la superficie del mar, los patrones de viento y las anomalías de precipitación.
- Evaluación de los vínculos espacio-temporales entre las temperaturas de la superficie del mar y los vientos, teniendo en cuenta la dinámica del océano y la precipitación.
Principales resultados:
- Descubrimiento del modo dipolo del Océano Índico (IOD), un patrón de variabilidad interna.
- El IOD exhibe temperaturas anormalmente bajas de la superficie del mar frente a Sumatra y altas temperaturas de la superficie del mar en el Océano Índico occidental.
- Este modo está acoplado a través de la precipitación y la dinámica oceánica, independiente de El Niño / Oscilación Sur, y explica el 12% de la variabilidad de la temperatura de la superficie del mar en el Océano Índico.
Conclusiones:
- El modo dipolo identificado es un proceso de interacción aire-mar único e inherente en el Océano Índico.
- Los eventos activos de IOD se correlacionan con fuertes lluvias en África Oriental y sequías en Indonesia.
- El descubrimiento mejora las perspectivas de pronóstico a largo plazo de anomalías de lluvia en los países afectados.
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