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El instrumento musical más antiguo que se puede tocar fue encontrado en Jiahu, un yacimiento del Neolítico temprano
1Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China 450000.
Nature
|July 25, 2006
Resumen
Los arqueólogos descubrieron instrumentos musicales reproducibles del Neolítico en el sitio de Jiahu en China, que datan del 7000 aC. Estas flautas, hechas de huesos de grúa, ofrecen información sobre la sociedad y la música de la antigua China.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Arqueología Arqueología.
- La etnomusicología y la etnomusicología.
- Estudios del Neolítico Estudios del Neolítico
Sus antecedentes:
- El sitio de Jiahu en la provincia de Henan, China, fue ocupado desde el 7000 aC hasta el 5700 aC.
- Este período es significativamente anterior a la conocida cultura Peiligang, ofreciendo una visión de las sociedades neolíticas anteriores.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Documentar y analizar los primeros instrumentos musicales completos, reproducibles y de múltiples notas.
- Para entender el contexto arqueológico, la datación y el significado social del sitio de Jiahu.
- Para realizar un análisis tonal de un instrumento musical de casi 9.000 años de antigüedad.
Principales métodos:
- Excavación y datación por radiocarbono del sitio de Jiahu.
- Descripción y análisis de seis flautas óseas completas y fragmentos asociados.
- Análisis tonal de la flauta mejor conservada.
Principales resultados:
- Descubrimiento de seis flautas óseas completas y numerosas flautas óseas fragmentadas hechas de las ulnae de grúa coronada de color rojo.
- Las flautas cuentan con 5, 6, 7 y 8 agujeros, con datación por radiocarbono que las coloca entre el 7000 aC y el 5700 aC.
- El análisis tonal de una flauta revela su naturaleza jugable y sus propiedades acústicas.
Conclusiones:
- Las flautas de Jiahu representan potencialmente los primeros instrumentos musicales completos y reproducibles de múltiples notas descubiertos.
- Los hallazgos proporcionan información crucial sobre los fundamentos de la sociedad china y la música prehistórica de la era neolítica.
- El estudio destaca la artesanía avanzada y las prácticas culturales de la población de Jiahu del Neolítico temprano.
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