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Fallas activas de desprendimiento generalizadas y formación de complejos del núcleo cerca de 13 grados N en la cresta
Deborah K Smith1, Johnson R Cann, Javier Escartín
1Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA. dsmith@whoi.edu
Nature
|July 28, 2006
Resumen
Los complejos del núcleo oceánico se forman a partir de fallas de desprendimiento en las cordilleras oceánicas medias. Este estudio revela fallas activas y la evolución de estas características geológicas en la Cordillera del Atlántico Medio.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Geología Geología Geología.
- Geofísica marina La geofísica marina es la geofísica marina.
- La tectónica es la tectónica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los complejos del núcleo oceánico exponen rocas de la corteza inferior y del manto superior en el fondo marino.
- Se originan en fallas de desprendimiento debajo de las crestas oceánicas medias.
- Estudios anteriores se centraron en complejos inactivos y más antiguos lejos de los ejes de extensión.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la formación de complejos de núcleos oceánicos activos a lo largo de la cresta del Atlántico Medio.
- Documentar las características topográficas y las etapas evolutivas de los complejos activos.
- Para correlacionar la morfología de la falla de desprendimiento con la sismicidad.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio geofísico de la Cordillera del Atlántico Medio cerca de 13 grados N.
- Mapeo de fallas de desprendimiento vinculadas y complejos de núcleos asociados.
- Análisis de la morfología del fondo marino y la sismicidad registrada hidroacústicamente.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificó un segmento de 75 km de fallas de desprendimiento activas y vinculadas.
- Los complejos de núcleos extintos se extienden al menos 100 km desde el eje de la cresta.
- Existe una correlación entre la morfología de las fallas de desprendimiento y las altas tasas de sismicidad de los terremotos.
Conclusiones:
- El desprendimiento activo de fallas es crucial para la generación de corteza oceánica en las crestas de expansión lenta.
- El estudio proporciona información sobre la iniciación, el desarrollo y la inactividad de los complejos centrales.
- Las fallas de desprendimiento parecen ser más significativas de lo que se suponía anteriormente para este tipo de cresta.
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