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Las arqueas predominan entre los procariotas oxidantes de amoníaco en los suelos
S Leininger1, T Urich, M Schloter
1Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Jahnebakken 5, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
Nature
|August 18, 2006
Resumen
Los oxidantes de amoníaco arqueal son significativamente más abundantes en los suelos que los bacterianos, jugando un papel crucial en el ciclo del nitrógeno. Este hallazgo destaca su dominio en los ecosistemas del suelo y en los procesos de oxidación del amoníaco.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Ciencias ambientales Ciencias ambientales.
- Biogeoquímica La biogeoquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- La oxidación del amoníaco inicia la nitrificación, un proceso vital en el ciclo global del nitrógeno.
- La disponibilidad de nitratos afecta la nutrición de las plantas y puede conducir a la contaminación de las aguas subterráneas a través de la lixiviación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la abundancia de oxidantes de amoníaco arqueal en los ecosistemas del suelo.
- Para comparar la abundancia de oxidantes de amoníaco arqueal con sus contrapartes bacterianas.
Principales métodos:
- Investigó la abundancia del gen de la amoniac monooxigenasa (amoA) en 12 suelos.
- Utilizó lípidos específicos de Crenarchaeota (por ejemplo, crenarchaeol) como biomarcadores.
- Empleado transcripción inversa PCR cuantitativa y pirosecuenciación para el análisis de actividad y abundancia.
Principales resultados:
- Las copias del gen de amoA arqueal eran hasta 3.000 veces más abundantes que los genes de amoA bacterianos.
- Abundancia de genes de amoA arqueal correlacionados con lípidos específicos de crenarchaeota.
- Actividad in situ demostrada de las arqueas, confirmando su dominio numérico.
Conclusiones:
- Los oxidantes de amoníaco arqueal son numéricamente dominantes en los ecosistemas del suelo.
- Crenarchaeota son probablemente los principales organismos oxidantes de amoníaco en los entornos terrestres.
- Esto tiene implicaciones significativas para la comprensión del ciclo del nitrógeno y la ecología microbiana del suelo.
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