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Cuenta atrás hasta 2015: seguimiento de la asistencia de los donantes para la salud materna, neonatal y infantil
Timothy Powell-Jackson1, Josephine Borghi, Dirk H Mueller
1Health Economics and Financing Programme, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. timothy.powell-jackson@lshtm.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|September 26, 2006
Resumen
La Asistencia Oficial al Desarrollo (AOD) para la salud materna, neonatal y infantil es insuficiente para cumplir con los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio (ODM). El aumento de los flujos de ayuda global es crucial, con un enfoque en los países de alta prioridad para escalar efectivamente las intervenciones.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Global La salud global.
- Economía del desarrollo Economía del desarrollo.
- Financiamiento de la salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los datos confiables sobre los flujos de ayuda a la salud materna, neonatal y infantil (MNCH) son vitales para evaluar la adecuación de la financiación y la rendición de cuentas de los donantes para los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio (ODM).
- Este estudio estima la Asistencia Oficial para el Desarrollo (AOD) global a MNCH para 2003 y 2004, utilizando datos de países donantes de altos ingresos y agencias de ayuda informados a la Organización para el Desarrollo y la Cooperación Económica (OCDE).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proporcionar estimaciones globales de la AOD asignada a la salud materna, neonatal y infantil.
- Evaluar la adecuación de los niveles de financiación actuales en relación con los ODM.
- Para informar futuras estrategias de ayuda para las intervenciones de MNCH.
Principales métodos:
- La AOD fue rastreada proyecto por proyecto en 150 países en desarrollo.
- Se aplicó una definición estandarizada de MNCH a todos los donantes.
- Incluidos los fondos específicos de MNCH, los fondos integrados de salud y los fondos específicos de enfermedades utilizando una asignación proporcional.
Principales resultados:
- La AOD global estimada para MNCH fue de 1990 millones de dólares estadounidenses en 2004, lo que representa solo el 2% del total de desembolsos brutos de ayuda.
- Los 60 países prioritarios de bajos ingresos recibieron US$1363 millones (US$3,1 por niño).
- Se observó una asociación positiva entre las tasas de mortalidad y la AOD per cápita, con variaciones significativas entre los países receptores.
Conclusiones:
- Los niveles actuales de AOD para MNCH son inadecuados para alcanzar los ODM.
- Es necesario un aumento sustancial de la ayuda global en los próximos cinco años para cumplir con los compromisos.
- Asegurar la canalización efectiva de los fondos aumentados a los países de alta prioridad para ampliar las intervenciones de MNCH es un desafío crítico.
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