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Biomateriales: secreción parecida a la seda de las patas de la tarántula
Stanislav N Gorb1, Senta Niederegger, Cheryl Y Hayashi
1Evolutionary Biomaterials Group, Max Planck Institute for Metals Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany. s.gorb@mf.mpg.de
Nature
|September 29, 2006
Resumen
Las tarántulas cebra gigantes inesperadamente usan seda de pie para escalar, evitando caídas peligrosas. Este descubrimiento revela un nuevo mecanismo de fijación y arroja luz sobre la evolución de la seda de araña.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La aracnología es la aracología.
- Zoología Zoología Zoología.
- La biofísica es la biofísica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las arañas son conocidas por sus telarañas abdominales que producen seda para diversas funciones como la captura de presas y la reproducción.
- Un desafío común para las arañas arbóreas es evitar caídas, especialmente en superficies verticales lisas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los mecanismos de fijación utilizados por las tarántulas cebra (Aphonopelma seemanni) para navegar por superficies verticales.
- Para determinar si las arañas utilizan la seda para la adhesión durante la locomoción.
Principales métodos:
- Observación de las tarántulas cebra en Costa Rica.
- Análisis de la secreción de seda durante el movimiento de la araña en diferentes sustratos.
Principales resultados:
- Las tarántulas cebra secretan seda de sus patas.
- Esta seda secreta por el pie proporciona adhesión, lo que permite a las arañas aferrarse a superficies verticales lisas.
- Este mecanismo ayuda a prevenir caídas catastróficas.
Conclusiones:
- La producción de seda de araña no se limita a las telarañas abdominales.
- La secreción de seda basada en el pie representa un mecanismo de fijación inesperado en las arañas.
- Este hallazgo ofrece nuevos conocimientos sobre la diversificación evolutiva de la seda de araña.
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