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Antibody Structure01:10

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Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
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Antibody Structure01:10

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Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
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The cadherins were one of the first cell adhesion molecules discovered; the term “cadherins”   is based on their calcium-dependent adhering properties. The first cadherins discovered on the epithelial, neuronal, and placental cells were named E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin, respectively. These classical cadherins share sequence and structural similarities. Other cadherins, including those involved in cell signaling, are grouped into non-classical cadherins. This diversity of cadherins...
Complement System01:27

Complement System

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Measuring the 50% Haemolytic Complement (CH50) Activity of Serum
08:26

Measuring the 50% Haemolytic Complement (CH50) Activity of Serum

Published on: March 29, 2010

La estructura de C3b revela cambios conformacionales que subyacen a la actividad del complemento.

Bert J C Janssen1, Agni Christodoulidou, Andrew McCarthy

  • 1Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Nature
|October 20, 2006
PubMed
Resumen

El sistema del complemento es el sistema del complemento.

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Evaluation of the Interplay Between the Complement Protein C1q and Hyaluronic Acid in Promoting Cell Adhesion

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Inmunología Inmunología.
  • Biología Estructural Biología estructural.
  • La bioquímica es la bioquímica.

Sus antecedentes:

  • El sistema del complemento es crucial para la inmunidad innata y adaptativa, ayudando en la resistencia a las infecciones y la limpieza de los desechos celulares.
  • La proteína 3 del complemento activado (C3b) se adhiere covalentemente a las superficies, amplificando las respuestas inmunes y marcando las células para la fagocitosis.
  • Los cambios conformacionales de C3 en C3b, exponiendo sus sitios de unión, siguen siendo en gran parte desconocidos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para dilucidar los cambios conformacionales involucrados en la activación proteolítica de la proteína del complemento 3 (C3) en C3b.
  • Para presentar la estructura cristalina de C3b activado y detallar los reordenamientos del dominio.
  • Para entender cómo C3b expone sus sitios de unión para las interacciones de proteínas y receptores.

Principales métodos:

  • Se determinó la estructura cristalina de la proteína del complemento activado C3b a una resolución de 4-Å.
  • Se analizaron las reorganizaciones conformacionales de los 12 dominios de C3b tras la activación proteolítica.
  • Comparó la estructura del C3b activado con el C3 nativo para identificar los cambios clave.

Principales resultados:

  • La estructura cristalina revela reordenamientos significativos de dominio en C3b en comparación con el C3.3 nativo.
  • El sitio de tioester en C3b está totalmente expuesto para la unión covalente, un cambio significativo de su posición enterrada en C3.
  • Las superficies moleculares alteradas exponen sitios crípticos, consistentes con los sitios de unión para el factor B y los reguladores del complemento.

Conclusiones:

  • La activación proteolítica de C3 a C3b implica cambios conformacionales importantes principalmente en el paso de conversión inicial.
  • Estos conocimientos estructurales sobre la formación de C3b revelan cómo están expuestos sus sitios de unión funcional.
  • Comprender estas dinámicas estructurales es vital para desarrollar estrategias terapéuticas para los trastornos inflamatorios mediados por el complemento.