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No hay evidencia de depósitos gruesos de hielo en el polo sur lunar

Donald B Campbell¹, Bruce A Campbell, Lynn M Carter

¹Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA. campbell@astro.cornell.edu

|October 20, 2006

Resumen

Nuevas imágenes de radar muestran que no hay depósitos concentrados de hielo de agua en el cráter Shackleton de la Luna. Las propiedades de polarización sugieren rocas superficiales, no hielo, explican las señales de radar, desafiando las suposiciones para futuras misiones lunares.

Área de la Ciencia:

La ciencia lunar es la ciencia lunar.
Geología planetaria y geología planetaria.
La teledetección es la sensorización remota.

Sus antecedentes:

El cráter Shackleton en el polo sur de la Luna es un sitio potencial para depósitos concentrados de hielo de agua.
Estudios previos de radar y modelado sugirieron la presencia de hielo de agua en trampas frías polares.
Las mejoras de hidrógeno detectadas en las regiones polares carecen de datos de identificación y distribución de especies.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar la presencia y distribución del hielo de agua en el cráter Shackleton utilizando datos de radar de alta resolución.
Para determinar la relación entre las propiedades de dispersión de radar, las áreas permanentemente sombreadas y las características del terreno lunar.
Evaluar la validez del uso de las propiedades de polarización de radar para inferir la presencia de hielo de agua.

Principales métodos:

Adquisición y análisis de nuevas imágenes de radar de resolución de 20 m y longitud de onda de 13 cm del polo sur lunar.
Examen de las propiedades de polarización del radar y su correlación con las características de la superficie y la iluminación solar.
Comparación de nuevos datos de radar con hallazgos anteriores y datos de distribución de hidrógeno.

Principales resultados:

No se encontró evidencia de depósitos concentrados de hielo de agua en el cráter Shackleton u otras regiones polares del sur.
Las propiedades de polarización de radar observadas, típicamente asociadas con el hielo, están fuertemente correlacionadas con las paredes de cráteres rocosos y las eyecciones.
No se encontró correlación entre las propiedades de polarización y el grado de iluminación solar.

Conclusiones:

La presencia de hielo de agua concentrado en el cráter Shackleton no está respaldada por los nuevos datos de radar.
Es probable que las propiedades de dispersión de radar estén influenciadas por la geología de la superficie, específicamente el terreno rocoso, en lugar del hielo extendido.
Si las mejoras de hidrógeno indican hielo de agua, es probable que se diseminen como granos dentro del regolito lunar, no como depósitos concentrados.

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