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Un origen evolutivo temprano para el spliceosoma menor.
Anthony G Russell1, J Michael Charette, David F Spencer
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 1X5, Canada.
Nature
|October 20, 2006
Resumen
El spliceosoma menor, crucial para la eliminación de intrones de tipo U12 en eucariotas, se ha encontrado en diversos microbios y hongos. Esto sugiere que el espliceosoma menor se originó temprano en la evolución eucariota.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- La genómica es la genómica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El espliceosoma menor elimina las intrones de tipo U12 de los ARNm eucariotas.
- Contiene componentes únicos de ARN análogos a los principales snRNAs del espliceosoma.
- Previamente encontrado en animales y plantas, su historia evolutiva no estaba clara debido a la detección limitada.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los orígenes evolutivos del espliceosoma menor.
- Para identificar componentes menores del espliceosoma y intrones de tipo U12 en linajes eucariotas subrepresentados.
- Para aclarar la historia evolutiva temprana de este complejo esencial.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis bioinformático de datos genómicos.
- Identificación de homólogos para las proteínas y los snRNAs específicos de los spliceosomas menores.
- Detección de intrones de tipo U12 en diversos microbios y hongos eucariotas.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron homólogos de proteínas spliceosome y snRNAs menores en los protistas y el hongo Rhizopus oryzae.
- También se encontraron intrones de tipo U12 en estos organismos lejanamente relacionados.
- La evidencia sugiere que el espliceosoma menor está presente en los principales supergrupos eucariotas.
Conclusiones:
- El spliceosome menor probablemente se originó temprano en la evolución eucariota.
- Sus componentes están más extendidos de lo que se pensaba.
- Los elementos de secuencia funcionalmente importantes en los intrones de tipo U12 y los ARN sn se conservan evolutivamente.
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