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Impactos de la pérdida de biodiversidad en los servicios del ecosistema oceánico
Boris Worm1, Edward B Barbier, Nicola Beaumont
1Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4J1. bworm@dal.ca
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 4, 2006
Resumen
La pérdida de biodiversidad marina acelera el colapso de los recursos y perjudica los servicios del ecosistema, como la provisión de alimentos y la calidad del agua. Sin embargo, la restauración de la biodiversidad puede aumentar significativamente la productividad y la estabilidad, lo que indica la reversibilidad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología marina ecología marina.
- Los servicios de los ecosistemas.
- La investigación de la biodiversidad en la investigación de la biodiversidad.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las actividades humanas están impulsando una pérdida de biodiversidad sin precedentes en los ecosistemas marinos.
- Las consecuencias de este declive para los servicios ecosistémicos siguen siendo en gran medida no cuantificadas.
- Comprender estos impactos es fundamental para la conservación y gestión marina.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los efectos de la pérdida de biodiversidad en los servicios de los ecosistemas marinos.
- Para analizar estos impactos a través de varias escalas temporales y espaciales.
- Evaluar el potencial para la restauración de la biodiversidad para mitigar los efectos negativos.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos experimentales locales.
- Examen de las series temporales regionales a largo plazo.
- Evaluación de los datos mundiales de la pesca.
Principales resultados:
- La disminución de la biodiversidad aumentó exponencialmente las tasas de colapso de los recursos.
- La disminución de la diversidad condujo a una reducción del potencial de recuperación, la estabilidad y la calidad del agua.
- La restauración de la biodiversidad resultó en un aumento de cuatro veces en la productividad y una disminución del 21% en la variabilidad.
Conclusiones:
- La pérdida de biodiversidad marina está socavando significativamente la capacidad del océano para proporcionar servicios ecosistémicos esenciales.
- Los servicios clave afectados incluyen el suministro de alimentos, el mantenimiento de la calidad del agua y la resiliencia del ecosistema.
- Las tendencias negativas actuales son reversibles a través de los esfuerzos de restauración de la biodiversidad.
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