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Análisis comparativo del desempeño de los estados mexicanos con cobertura efectiva
Rafael Lozano1, Patricia Soliz, Emmanuela Gakidou
1Secretaría de Salud, Reforma 450 Col Juarez CP 06600, Mexico DF, Mexico. rlozano@salud.gob.mx
Lancet (London, England)
|November 14, 2006
Resumen
México México México México es el país.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Servicios de salud Servicios de salud Investigación Investigación.
- Política de salud pública Política de salud pública.
- Desempeño de los sistemas de salud Desempeño de los sistemas de salud
Sus antecedentes:
- Los sistemas de salud descentralizados requieren una evaluación comparativa del rendimiento para la rendición de cuentas y el seguimiento del progreso.
- El Ministerio de Salud mexicano utiliza la cobertura efectiva como un indicador clave de desempeño.
- La cobertura efectiva mide el beneficio real de salud proporcionado por un sistema de salud en relación con su potencial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para comparar el desempeño de los estados mexicanos utilizando la métrica de cobertura efectiva.
- Identificar los factores que influyen en la cobertura efectiva en diferentes regiones e intervenciones.
- Informar el desarrollo del sistema de información de salud de México y guiar la futura política de salud.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó datos de encuestas estatales, registro vital y registros de alta hospitalaria.
- Monitoreó la cobertura efectiva de 14 intervenciones de salud durante 2005-06.
- Analizó la relación entre la cobertura efectiva, el gasto en salud pública y los factores socioeconómicos.
Principales resultados:
- La cobertura efectiva general varió desde el 54,0% (Chiapas) hasta el 65,1% (Distrito Federal).
- Las intervenciones de salud materna e infantil mostraron una mayor cobertura efectiva que otras intervenciones.
- La cobertura efectiva se correlacionó positivamente con el gasto per cápita en salud pública, particularmente para las intervenciones de salud no materna e infantil.
Conclusiones:
- La evaluación comparativa efectiva de la cobertura promueve un enfoque en la prestación de servicios de calidad y la administración del sistema de salud.
- Existen diferencias significativas en la cobertura efectiva entre los estados y los quintiles de riqueza.
- Se proporcionan recomendaciones para la selección de intervenciones y el establecimiento de instituciones nacionales de evaluación comparativa.
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