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Los eventos de enfermedad isquémica del corazón desencadenados por la exposición a corto plazo a la contaminación del
C Arden Pope1, Joseph B Muhlestein, Heidi T May
1Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602-2363, USA. cap3@byu.edu
Circulation
|November 15, 2006
Resumen
La exposición a corto plazo a la contaminación del aire por partículas finas aumenta el riesgo de eventos coronarios agudos, particularmente en personas con enfermedad arterial coronaria existente. Esto pone de relieve el impacto cardiovascular de la calidad del aire.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Ambiental Salud del medio ambiente.
- Medicina Cardiovascular La medicina cardiovascular es una especialidad de la salud.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La contaminación del aire por partículas está relacionada con el estrés oxidativo, la inflamación y la aterosclerosis.
- Los estudios previos sobre la exposición a corto plazo a la contaminación y los eventos isquémicos agudos no son concluyentes.
- Esta investigación investiga el papel de las partículas en suspensión a corto plazo en el desencadenamiento de eventos cardíacos agudos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la asociación entre la exposición a corto plazo a partículas finas y los eventos de enfermedad cardíaca isquémica aguda.
- Para determinar si las personas con enfermedad arterial coronaria preexistente son más susceptibles.
Principales métodos:
- Se empleó un diseño de estudio de caso cruzado.
- Se analizaron datos de 12.865 pacientes en el Frente Wasatch, Utah.
- El estudio utilizó datos del registro del Estudio Colaborativo del Corazón Intermountain.
Principales resultados:
- Un aumento de 10 microg / m3 en las partículas finas (PM2.5) se asoció con un aumento del 4,5% en el riesgo de eventos coronarios isquémicos agudos.
- El riesgo incluía angina inestable y infarto de miocardio.
- Las personas con enfermedad arterial coronaria confirmada angiográficamente experimentaron efectos más significativos.
Conclusiones:
- La exposición a corto plazo a partículas en suspensión contribuye a los eventos coronarios agudos.
- Los pacientes con enfermedad arterial coronaria subyacente son particularmente vulnerables.
- Las personas sin enfermedad arterial coronaria significativa muestran menos susceptibilidad.
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