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Los bosques antiguos pueden acumular carbono en los suelos
Guoyi Zhou1, Shuguang Liu, Zhian Li
1South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China. gyzhou@scib.ac.cn
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 2, 2006
Resumen
Los bosques antiguos son importantes sumideros de carbono, acumulando carbono atmosférico en sus suelos. Este hallazgo desafía los puntos de vista tradicionales y sugiere un modelo dinámico y no equilibrado para el ciclo del carbono forestal.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Ciencias Forestales Ciencias Forestales Ciencias Forestales
- Ciencias del suelo Ciencias del suelo.
- Investigación del Cambio Climático Investigación del Cambio Climático
Sus antecedentes:
- Los bosques de crecimiento antiguo tradicionalmente se consideraban neutros en carbono debido a la absorción y respiración equilibradas de carbono.
- Los modelos prevalecientes de ecología de los ecosistemas no tenían en cuenta el secuestro sustancial de carbono en los suelos de bosques antiguos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el papel de los bosques antiguos como sumideros de carbono.
- Desafiar la comprensión establecida del presupuesto de carbono en estos ecosistemas.
- Proponer un nuevo marco para el estudio de la dinámica del carbono del suelo.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las tasas de acumulación de carbono en el suelo en los bosques antiguos del sur de China.
- Recopilación de datos a largo plazo desde 1979 hasta 2003.
- Medición del secuestro de carbono en la capa superior de 20 centímetros del suelo.
Principales resultados:
- Los bosques de crecimiento antiguo acumulaban carbono atmosférico a una tasa promedio de 0,61 megagramos de carbono por hectárea por año.
- Se observó un significativo secuestro de carbono en la capa superior del suelo.
- La evidencia sugiere que los procesos subterráneos del ciclo del carbono cambian en respuesta a los cambios ambientales.
Conclusiones:
- Los bosques de crecimiento antiguo funcionan como sumideros sustanciales de carbono, contrariamente a las suposiciones anteriores.
- El estudio apoya un marco conceptual de no equilibrio para comprender la dinámica del carbono del suelo.
- Los procesos del ciclo de carbono forestal, particularmente bajo tierra, se están adaptando a los cambios ambientales.
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