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Oxidación del océano Ediacaran

D A Fike¹, J P Grotzinger, L M Pratt

¹Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. dfike@mit.edu

|December 8, 2006

Resumen

Los océanos de la Tierra se volvieron más oxigenados en etapas durante el período Ediacaran, después de la glaciación de Marino. Este evento de oxigenación apoyó la evolución y diversificación de los primeros organismos eucariotas.

Área de la Ciencia:

La geoquímica es la geoquímica.
Paleoclimatología Paleoclimatología
Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.

Sus antecedentes:

La oxigenación de la Tierra se produjo en al menos dos pasos principales, con un aumento significativo hace unos 2.300 millones de años y otro en el Neoproterozoico tardío.
Se plantea la hipótesis de que el evento de oxigenación del Neoproterozoico impulsó la evolución de la vida multicelular compleja y la oxigenación de las profundidades oceánicas, pero su calendario y naturaleza se debaten.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar el momento y la naturaleza de la oxigenación oceánica durante el período Ediacaran.
Para reconstruir la oxidación gradual del océano Ediacara usando registros geoquímicos de alta resolución.
Para correlacionar los eventos de oxigenación oceánica con la evolución y diversificación de los primeros organismos eucariotas.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de registros de isótopos de carbono y azufre de alta resolución del supergrupo Huqf en Omán.
Reconstrucción de las etapas de oxigenación oceánica durante el período Ediacariano (hace aproximadamente 635 a 548 millones de años).
Integración de datos isotópicos con los registros paleoclimáticos y paleontológicos existentes.

Principales resultados:

Evidencia de un aumento de la oxigenación del océano después de la glaciación de Marino, revelando tres etapas de oxidación distintas.
Identificación de la excursión de Shuram como un período clave de la oxidación de carbono orgánico de los océanos profundos durante la segunda etapa.
Correlación de la diversificación eucariota con la segunda y tercera etapas de la oxigenación del Neoproterozoico.

Conclusiones:

El océano Ediacaran experimentó una oxigenación gradual, lo que impactó significativamente en la vida temprana.
La oxidación de un gran depósito de carbono orgánico en las profundidades del océano jugó un papel crucial en la evolución eucariota.
El estudio proporciona nuevos conocimientos sobre la reestructuración de los ciclos de carbono y azufre durante un período crucial en la historia de la Tierra.

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