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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Conformations of Cyclohexane02:11

Conformations of Cyclohexane

Cyclohexane does not exist in a planar form due to the high angle and torsional strain it would experience in the planar structure. Instead, it adopts non-planar chair and boat conformations.
The chair form is the most stable and derives its name from its resemblance to the “easy chair.” In the chair conformation, two carbon atoms are arranged out-of-plane — one above and one below, minimizing the torsional strain. In the chair form, the bond angle is very close to the ideal tetrahedral value,...
Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane02:02

Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane

The chair conformation is the most stable form of cyclohexane due to the absence of angle and torsional strain. The absence of angle strain is a result of cyclohexane’s bond angle being very close to the ideal tetrahedral bond angle of 109.5° in its chair conformer. Similarly, the torsional strain is also absent owing to the perfectly staggered arrangement of bonds.
The hydrogen atoms linked to carbons are arranged in two different axial and equatorial orientations to achieve this staggered...
Stability of Substituted Cyclohexanes02:30

Stability of Substituted Cyclohexanes

This lesson discusses the stability of substituted cyclohexanes with a focus on energies of various conformers and the effect of 1,3-diaxial interactions.
The two chair conformations of cyclohexanes undergo rapid interconversion at room temperature. Both forms have identical energies and stabilities, each comprising equal amounts of the equilibrium mixture. Replacing a hydrogen atom with a functional group makes the two conformations energetically non-equivalent.
For example, in...
Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives01:28

Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Structure of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the unhybridized p...
Stability of Conjugated Dienes01:28

Stability of Conjugated Dienes

Introduction
A comparison of the enthalpies of hydrogenation of dienes reveals that conjugated dienes release less heat on hydrogenation, rendering them more stable than their nonconjugated analogs.
Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects01:10

Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects

The presence of electron-donating, electron-withdrawing, or conjugating groups adjacent to a radical center, imparts electronic stabilization to the radicals. Examples of such electronically-stabilized radicals are triphenylmethyl, tetramethylpiperidine‐N‐oxide, and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl. These radicals are remarkably stable and are known as persistent radicals. Some of the persistent radicals can even be isolated and purified.
Along with electronic factors, steric factors also account...

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

Un complejo estable de hafnio-silieno tipo Schrock de tipo Schrock.

Norio Nakata1, Toshiyuki Fujita, Akira Sekiguchi

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 15, 2006
PubMed
Resumen

La síntesis del primer complejo estable de hafnio-silieno, con un doble enlace de hafnio-silicio, se logró a través de una reacción de acoplamiento. Este descubrimiento avanza en la química organometálica y el estudio de las especies de silicio de baja coordinación.

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Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Química organometálica Química orgánica de los metales.
  • Química Inorgánica La Química Inorgánica es la química inorgánica.
  • Química del silicio Química del silicio

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los complejos de sileno son intermediarios reactivos con estabilidad limitada.
  • Los complejos de hafnio ofrecen propiedades electrónicas únicas para estabilizar arreglos de unión inusuales.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para sintetizar y caracterizar el primer complejo estable de hafnio-silieno.
  • Para investigar las características de enlace y la estructura electrónica de los enlaces múltiples de hafnio-silicio.

Principales métodos:

  • Reacción de acoplamiento entre un dilitiosilano y un precursor de hafnio.
  • Aislamiento y caracterización del producto como un adducto de fosfina.
  • Análisis espectroscópico (29Si NMR) y cristalografía de rayos X.

Principales resultados:

  • Síntesis exitosa del complejo estable de hafnio-silieno (eta-C5H4Et) 2 (((PMe3) Hf=Si ((SiMetBu2) 2.
  • La espectroscopia de RMN 29Si confirmó el ligando silileno con un desplazamiento hacia abajo (295.4 ppm) y acoplamiento JSiP (15.0 Hz).
  • La cristalografía de rayos X reveló una corta longitud de enlace Si-Hf (2.6515(9) A), lo que indica el carácter de doble enlace.

Conclusiones:

  • El compuesto sintetizado es un complejo de silileno tipo Schrock.
  • El análisis de la población natural apoya una carga negativa en el átomo de silicio, consistente con un enlace doble.