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Espectroscopia infrarroja del cometa 81P/Wild 2 muestras devueltas por Stardust
Lindsay P Keller1, Sasa Bajt, Giuseppe A Baratta
1Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science Directorate, Mail Code KR, NASA-Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA. lindsay.p.keller@nasa.gov
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 16, 2006
Resumen
Las muestras de la misión Stardust del cometa 81P/Wild 2 muestran hidrocarburos y silicatos alifáticos de cadena larga, lo que indica una mezcla de sistema solar y materia interestelar. La ausencia de minerales hidratados sugiere que no se produjo ningún procesamiento del agua.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Análisis del polvo cósmico Análisis del polvo cósmico
- Ciencia de los Cometas Ciencia de los Cometas
- La astroquímica es astroquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los cometas son la clave para entender la composición temprana del sistema solar.
- Las partículas de polvo interplanetario (IDP) proporcionan muestras prístinas de material extraterrestre.
- La misión Stardust recogió muestras directamente del cometa 81P/Wild 2.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar la composición mineralógica y química del cometa 81P/Wild 2 se tomaron muestras.
- Para investigar el origen y la historia de procesamiento de materiales cometarios.
- Para comparar los componentes cometarios con los materiales interestelares y del sistema solar.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó la espectroscopia infrarroja para analizar el material cometario capturado.
- Identificación mineralógica de silicatos (amorfos y cristalinos) e hidrocarburos.
- Comparación de los datos espectrales con las composiciones conocidas interestelares y del sistema solar.
Principales resultados:
- Se detectaron hidrocarburos alifáticos autóctonos con cadenas más largas que las del medio interestelar.
- Se identificaron silicatos amorfos y cristalinos (olivina, piroxeno) en abundancia.
- Ausencia de silicatos hidráulicos y minerales carbonatados, lo que sugiere una alteración acuosa limitada.
Conclusiones:
- El polvo cometario contiene una mezcla de sistema solar y materia interestelar presolar.
- Los hidrocarburos detectados sugieren caminos únicos de formación o procesamiento en el cometa.
- El cometa 81P/Wild 2 probablemente experimentó una mínima alteración acuosa.
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