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Olfacción: "olfacción" bajo el agua de los mamíferos semiacuáticos
1Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B, Box 35-1634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA. ken.catania@vanderbilt.edu
Nature
|December 22, 2006
Resumen
Los mamíferos semiacuáticos como el topo de nariz estrellada y la musaraña de agua pueden oler bajo el agua. Exhalan y reinspiran burbujas de aire para llevar olores a sus narices, lo que permite la olfacción bajo el agua.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología sensorial La biología sensorial.
- Fisiología de los mamíferos Fisiología de los mamíferos
- Adaptación acuática La adaptación acuática es la adaptación acuática.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los mamíferos terrestres poseen sentidos adaptados a la tierra, lo que plantea desafíos para la búsqueda de alimento bajo el agua.
- El olfato de los mamíferos generalmente requiere la inspiración de aire (olfato) para transportar los olores al epitelio olfativo.
- El olfato bajo el agua en los mamíferos se considera imposible debido a la incapacidad de oler el aire.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el mecanismo de olfato bajo el agua en mamíferos semiacuáticos.
- Para describir un comportamiento sensorial novedoso en topos de nariz estrellada y musarañas de agua.
- Desafiar la comprensión establecida de las limitaciones sensoriales de los mamíferos bajo el agua.
Principales métodos:
- Observación de mamíferos semiacuáticos (mol de nariz estrellada, musaraña de agua) que se alimentan bajo el agua.
- Descripción detallada de los procesos respiratorios y olfativos durante la exploración submarina.
- Análisis de los mecanismos de transporte de olores que implican la exhalación y re-inhalación de burbujas de aire.
Principales resultados:
- Los topos de nariz estrellada y las musarañas acuáticas utilizan un mecanismo de olfato submarino único.
- Ambas especies exhalan burbujas de aire sobre objetos o huellas de olores.
- La reinspiración de estas burbujas transporta los olores al epitelio olfativo, lo que permite oler bajo el agua.
Conclusiones:
- Se ha identificado un nuevo mecanismo para el olfato de los mamíferos bajo el agua.
- Este comportamiento permite que los mamíferos semiacuáticos utilicen efectivamente el olfato mientras se alimentan en entornos acuáticos.
- Los hallazgos amplían nuestra comprensión de las adaptaciones sensoriales en los mamíferos que habitan en diversos entornos.
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