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¿Son los aneurismas aórticos causados por la aterosclerosis?

D Reed1, C Reed, G Stemmermann

  • 1Honolulu Heart Program, HI 96817.

Circulation
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Resumen

Los factores de riesgo de aterosclerosis como la presión arterial alta, el colesterol y el tabaquismo están relacionados con la mayoría de los aneurismas aórticos. Este estudio de 20 años sugiere que la aterosclerosis es un factor clave en el desarrollo del aneurisma.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Medicina Cardiovascular La medicina cardiovascular es una especialidad de la salud.
  • Epidemiología La epidemiología.
  • Patología Patología Patología.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Investigó el controvertido papel de la aterosclerosis en el desarrollo del aneurisma aórtico.
  • Utilizó datos de seguimiento de 20 años de más de 8,000 hombres de ascendencia japonesa en Hawái.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Examinar la relación entre los factores de riesgo de aterosclerosis y la incidencia de aneurismas aórticos y disecciones.
  • Para determinar si la aterosclerosis es un componente necesario en la vía causal de los aneurismas aórticos.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de eventos de incidentes clínicos (aneurismas aórticos y disecciones) y datos de la autopsia.
  • Factores de riesgo basal identificados para la aterosclerosis aórtica y los aneurismas.
  • Factores de riesgo comparados para los aneurismas aórticos frente a las disecciones aórticas.

Principales resultados:

  • Se identificaron 151 aneurismas aórticos y 23 disecciones aórticas entre 174 eventos clínicos.
  • Los factores de riesgo iniciales para los aneurismas aórticos (hipertensión, colesterol alto, tabaquismo) reflejaron los de la aterosclerosis aórtica.
  • Estos factores de riesgo también se asociaron con aneurismas aórticos en hombres autopsiados.
  • Las disecciones aórticas mostraron una incidencia específica por edad, lo que sugiere una susceptibilidad innata y otros factores precipitantes, principalmente predichos por la hipertensión.

Conclusiones:

  • Es probable que los factores de riesgo de aterosclerosis sean necesarios para el desarrollo de la mayoría de los aneurismas aórticos en esta cohorte.
  • La aterosclerosis en sí misma parece ser un elemento crítico en la vía causal de la mayoría de los aneurismas aórticos.
  • Los hallazgos tienen implicaciones para la prevención de los aneurismas aórticos al dirigirse a la aterosclerosis.