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La deficiencia de ácido fólico y la displasia cervical
C E Butterworth1, K D Hatch, M Macaluso
1Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294-3360.
JAMA
|February 1, 1992
Resumen
La deficiencia nutricional, específicamente el folato bajo en glóbulos rojos, aumenta significativamente el riesgo de displasia cervical en mujeres jóvenes, especialmente cuando se combina con la infección por el virus del papiloma humano (VPH).
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ginecología Ginecología.
- Ciencias de la Nutrición Ciencias de la Nutrición
- Oncología Oncología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La displasia cervical es una condición precancerosa que afecta a las mujeres jóvenes.
- Comprender los factores de riesgo, incluido el estado nutricional, es crucial para la prevención.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre la deficiencia nutricional y la incidencia de displasia cervical en mujeres jóvenes.
- Para determinar si los niveles específicos de nutrientes afectan el riesgo de desarrollar displasia cervical.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio de caso-control que involucró a 726 mujeres examinadas en clínicas de planificación familiar y referencias de colposcopia.
- Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística para evaluar las asociaciones entre la displasia cervical y varios factores, incluidos 12 índices nutricionales de muestras de sangre.
- Se analizaron la infección por el virus del papiloma humano (VPH) y los niveles de nutrientes.
Principales resultados:
- Se encontraron asociaciones significativas entre la displasia cervical y el número de parejas sexuales, la paridad, el uso de anticonceptivos orales y la infección por el VPH-16.
- Los niveles de nutrientes plasmáticos generalmente no mostraron asociación con el riesgo.
- Los niveles bajos de folato en glóbulos rojos (<660 nmol/L) interactuaron significativamente con la infección por el VPH-16, aumentando la proporción de probabilidades ajustada para el VPH-16 a 5.1.
Conclusiones:
- Los niveles bajos de folato en glóbulos rojos potencia el riesgo de displasia cervical.
- La deficiencia de ácido fólico aumenta particularmente el efecto de la infección por el VPH-16 en el desarrollo de la displasia cervical.
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