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La suplementación de calcio/vitamina D y los eventos cardiovasculares
Judith Hsia1, Gerardo Heiss, Hong Ren
1Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. jhsia@mfa.gwu.edu
Circulation
|February 21, 2007
Resumen
Los suplementos de calcio y vitamina D no alteraron el riesgo de ataque cardíaco o accidente cerebrovascular en mujeres posmenopáusicas sanas. Este estudio de 7 años no encontró aumento o disminución de eventos cardiovasculares con la suplementación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Cardiovascular La salud cardiovascular.
- Ciencias de la Nutrición Ciencias de la Nutrición
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La calcificación vascular y valvular aumenta el riesgo de eventos coronarios.
- El vínculo entre la ingesta de calcio y los eventos cardiovasculares sigue sin estar claro.
- Investigaciones anteriores no han establecido definitivamente el impacto del calcio y la vitamina D en los resultados cardiovasculares.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre la suplementación de calcio más vitamina D y el riesgo de eventos coronarios y cerebrovasculares.
- Evaluar la seguridad de la suplementación de calcio y vitamina D en mujeres posmenopáusicas con respecto a la salud cardiovascular.
- Para analizar el impacto de la ingesta total de calcio en el riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares en mujeres que reciben suplementos.
Principales métodos:
- Un ensayo controlado aleatorizado en el que participaron 36.282 mujeres posmenopáusicas de entre 50 y 79 años.
- Los participantes fueron asignados a recibir carbonato de calcio (500 mg) con vitamina D (200 UI) dos veces al día o un placebo.
- Los resultados de las enfermedades cardiovasculares, incluido el infarto de miocardio, la muerte por enfermedad coronaria y el accidente cerebrovascular, se monitorearon durante un período de seguimiento de 7 años.
Principales resultados:
- No hubo diferencias significativas en el infarto de miocardio o la muerte por enfermedad coronaria entre los grupos de calcio/vitamina D y placebo (HR, 1.04; IC del 95%, 0.92-1.18)
- No hay diferencias significativas en la incidencia de accidentes cerebrovasculares entre los grupos de calcio/vitamina D y el grupo de placebo (HR, 0.95; IC del 95%, 0.82-1.10).
- Los análisis de subgrupos indicaron que una mayor ingesta de calcio total al inicio no aumentó el riesgo de eventos coronarios o cerebrovasculares con la suplementación.
Conclusiones:
- La suplementación de calcio y vitamina D no aumentó o disminuyó el riesgo coronario o cerebrovascular en mujeres posmenopáusicas generalmente sanas.
- El período de uso de 7 años de la suplementación de calcio / vitamina D mostró un efecto neutro en los eventos cardiovasculares importantes.
- Los hallazgos sugieren que la suplementación es segura con respecto a los principales eventos cardiovasculares y cerebrovasculares en esta población.
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