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Los reguladores genéticos y epigenéticos de la pluripotencia
M Azim Surani1, Katsuhiko Hayashi, Petra Hajkova
1Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK. as10021@mole.bio.cam.ac.uk
Cell
|February 27, 2007
Resumen
Los mecanismos epigenéticos guían el desarrollo celular desde zigotos hasta células pluripotentes y más allá. Comprender estos procesos podría permitir la creación directa de células pluripotentes a partir de células somáticas adultas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología del desarrollo Biología del desarrollo.
- La epigenética es la epigenética.
- Biología de las células madre Biología de las células madre
Sus antecedentes:
- El desarrollo celular implica una regulación genética y epigenética precisa.
- Las células pluripotentes, que se encuentran en los primeros embriones, pueden diferenciarse en varios tipos de células.
- Las modificaciones epigenéticas son cruciales para la determinación y reprogramación del destino celular.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Aclarar los mecanismos genéticos y epigenéticos que gobiernan las transiciones celulares durante el desarrollo temprano de los mamíferos.
- Para entender el estado epigenético que apoya la pluripotencia in vitro.
- Explorar el potencial para la regeneración de la totipotencia y la creación de células pluripotentes a partir de células somáticas.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de reguladores genéticos y epigenéticos en blastocistos de ratón.
- Propagación in vitro de las células pluripotentes.
- Investigación de modificaciones epigenéticas durante el desarrollo de las células germinales y la diferenciación de las células somáticas.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó modificadores epigenéticos clave que controlan la diferenciación y la especificación de las células germinales.
- Demostró que el desarrollo de las células germinales requiere la represión del programa somático y el borrado epigenético.
- Mostró la reexpresión de los genes de pluripotencia durante la regeneración de la totipotencia de las células germinales.
Conclusiones:
- La reprogramación epigenética es esencial para el desarrollo de las células germinales y la totipotencia.
- El conocimiento de estos mecanismos avanza el potencial para la reprogramación directa de las células somáticas en células pluripotentes.
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