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La experiencia lingüística altera la percepción fonética en bebés a los 6 meses de edad
P K Kuhl1, K A Williams, F Lacerda
1Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 31, 1992
Resumen
La exposición temprana al lenguaje da forma a cómo los bebés perciben los sonidos del habla. A los seis meses, los bebés muestran una percepción fonética alterada basada en el idioma que escuchan, lo que afecta a la adquisición temprana del lenguaje.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología del desarrollo psicología del desarrollo.
- La lingüística es la lingüística de las lenguas.
- La percepción auditiva es la percepción auditiva.
Sus antecedentes:
- Se sabe que la percepción fonética está influenciada por la experiencia lingüística.
- El período crítico y los mecanismos subyacentes de estos cambios de percepción siguen sin estar claros.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar cómo la exposición temprana al lenguaje afecta la percepción fonética en los bebés.
- Explorar posibles períodos críticos para el ajuste perceptivo específico del lenguaje.
Principales métodos:
- El estudio involucró a bebés de 6 meses de edad de los Estados Unidos y Suecia.
- Se evaluó la percepción fonética para determinar las alteraciones específicas del lenguaje.
Principales resultados:
- Los bebés expuestos a un idioma específico en los primeros seis meses de vida demostraron una percepción fonética alterada.
- Esto sugiere que la experiencia lingüística temprana tiene un impacto significativo en el procesamiento auditivo.
Conclusiones:
- La exposición temprana al lenguaje juega un papel crucial en la formación de la percepción fonética de los bebés.
- El primer semestre de la vida parece ser un período sensible para el desarrollo de habilidades auditivas específicas del lenguaje.
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