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CRISPR proporciona resistencia adquirida contra los virus en las procariotas
Rodolphe Barrangou1, Christophe Fremaux, Hélène Deveau
1Danisco USA Inc., 3329 Agriculture Drive, Madison, WI 53716, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 24, 2007
Resumen
Las repeticiones palindrómicas cortas agrupadas regularmente espaciadas (CRISPR) proporcionan a las bacterias inmunidad adaptativa contra los virus. Mediante la integración de secuencias de ADN de fagos como espaciadores, los sistemas CRISPR confieren resistencia específica a futuras infecciones virales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Genética La genética.
- Inmunología Inmunología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las repeticiones palindrómicas cortas agrupadas regularmente espaciadas (CRISPR) son frecuentes en las bacterias y las arqueas.
- Se supone que los sistemas CRISPR juegan un papel en la resistencia de los bacteriófagos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la función de CRISPR en la defensa bacteriana contra el desafío viral (fago).
- Determinar el mecanismo por el cual CRISPR confiere resistencia a los fagos.
Principales métodos:
- Los cultivos bacterianos fueron sometidos a desafío viral.
- Se analizó el ADN genómico para identificar espaciadores integrados.
- Se realizó una manipulación del contenido del espaciador para evaluar su efecto sobre la resistencia de los fagos.
Principales resultados:
- Las bacterias integraron nuevas secuencias espaciadoras derivadas de los genomas de los fagos tras el desafío viral.
- La presencia o ausencia de espaciadores específicos alteró el fenotipo bacteriano de resistencia a los fagos.
- Se descubrió que los genes (cas) asociados a CRISPR eran esenciales para esta resistencia.
Conclusiones:
- Los sistemas CRISPR, junto con los genes cas, confieren inmunidad adaptativa contra los fagos en las bacterias.
- La especificidad de la resistencia de los fagos mediada por CRISPR está determinada por la similitud de secuencia entre los espaciadores y los genomas de los fagos.
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