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El control de la atención de arriba hacia abajo versus el control de abajo hacia arriba en la corteza parietal

Timothy J Buschman¹, Earl K Miller

¹Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, RIKEN-MIT Neuroscience Research Center, and Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|March 31, 2007

Resumen

Este estudio revela distintas dinámicas neuronales para la atención de arriba hacia abajo y de abajo hacia arriba. La corteza frontal conduce la atención de arriba hacia abajo, mientras que la corteza parietal conduce la atención de abajo hacia arriba, con diferentes patrones de sincronización neural.

Área de la Ciencia:

La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
Neurociencia cognitiva y neurociencia cognitiva.
La neurociencia de sistemas es la neurociencia de sistemas.

Sus antecedentes:

La atención está modulada tanto por señales volitivas "de arriba hacia abajo" como por estímulos automáticos "de abajo hacia arriba".
Las cortes frontales y parietales están implicadas en la atención, pero sus distintos roles e interacciones no se comprenden completamente.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para comparar directamente la actividad neuronal en la corteza frontal y parietal durante la atención de arriba hacia abajo y de abajo hacia arriba.
Para investigar la sincronía específica de frecuencia entre estas áreas bajo diferentes modos de atención.

Principales métodos:

Registros electrofisiológicos simultáneos de la corteza frontal y parietal en monos.
Análisis de la actividad neuronal y la sincronía inter-área durante las tareas de atención.

Principales resultados:

Las neuronas prefrontales señalaban la ubicación del objetivo más temprano durante la atención de arriba hacia abajo.
Las neuronas parietales señalaron la ubicación del objetivo antes durante la atención de abajo hacia arriba.
La atención de arriba hacia abajo mostró una sincronía frontal-parietal más fuerte en frecuencias más bajas, mientras que la atención de abajo hacia arriba mostró una sincronía más fuerte en frecuencias más altas.

Conclusiones:

Las señales de atención de arriba hacia abajo se originan principalmente en la corteza frontal, mientras que las señales de abajo hacia arriba se originan en la corteza sensorial.
Los diferentes modos de atención utilizan bandas de frecuencia distintas para la comunicación inter-área entre las cortes frontales y parietales.

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