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Revisando el flujo de carbono a través de la zona crepuscular del océano
Ken O Buesseler1, Carl H Lamborg, Philip W Boyd
1Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. kbuesseler@whoi.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 28, 2007
Resumen
La bomba biológica oceánica secuestra el dióxido de carbono, pero la zona crepuscular lo consume rápidamente, reduciendo la eficiencia. Nuestro estudio revela una eficiencia de transferencia de carbono muy variable, lo que afecta a las estimaciones globales de secuestro de carbono.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
- Biogeoquímica marina y biogeoquímica marina.
- Investigación del ciclo del carbono.
Sus antecedentes:
- La bomba biológica oceánica es crucial para el secuestro de dióxido de carbono atmosférico en las profundidades del mar a través de partículas de hundimiento.
- La eficiencia de este secuestro de carbono está limitada por el rápido consumo biológico y la remineralización en la zona crepuscular del océano (100-1000m).
- Esta región de profundidad media de aguas permanece crónicamente poco estudiada, lo que dificulta el modelado preciso del ciclo del carbono.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para cuantificar la eficiencia de transferencia del carbono orgánico particulado (COP) en la zona crepuscular.
- Para evaluar la variabilidad de esta eficiencia en diferentes sitios oceánicos.
- Para resaltar las implicaciones de esta variabilidad para los modelos globales de secuestro de carbono.
Principales métodos:
- Despliegue de trampas de sedimentos de flotabilidad neutra para tomar muestras de las partículas de hundimiento.
- Recolección de muestras de la zona crepuscular (profundidad de 150-500 metros).
- Medición de la eficiencia de transferencia de carbono orgánico particulado en dos sitios oceánicos contrastantes.
Principales resultados:
- Las eficiencias de transferencia medidas del carbono orgánico particulado que se hunde entre 150 y 500 metros fueron del 20% y 50% en los dos sitios estudiados.
- Se ha demostrado una variabilidad significativa en la eficiencia de transferencia de carbono dentro de la zona crepuscular.
- Se identificó que esta variabilidad está mal representada en los modelos biogeoquímicos actuales.
Conclusiones:
- La eficiencia de la bomba biológica oceánica es muy variable en la zona crepuscular.
- Los modelos biogeoquímicos actuales pueden subestimar o tergiversar el secuestro global de carbono debido a esta variabilidad.
- El impacto global de esta variabilidad podría equivaler a más de 3 petagramas de carbono por año de diferencia en el secuestro.
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