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La paleogenómica de la esponja revela un antiguo papel de la anhidrasa carbónica en la esqueletogénesis
Daniel J Jackson1, Luciana Macis, Joachim Reitner
1Geoscience Centre Göttingen, Department of Geobiology, Goldschmidtstrasse 3, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 2, 2007
Resumen
Las esponjas antiguas utilizaban un componente molecular clave, el precursor de las anidrasas alfa-carbónicas (alfa-CAs), para la construcción de arrecifes. Esta familia de genes se expandió a través de duplicaciones, revelando conocimientos sobre la biocalcificación animal temprana.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La paleogenómica es la paleogenómica.
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- Biología Marina Biología Marina.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las esponjas (phylum Porifera) fueron importantes constructores de arrecifes en los ecosistemas antiguos.
- Estos animales heredaron los primeros conjuntos de herramientas esqueletogénicas multicelulares de los antepasados metazoares.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los orígenes evolutivos de la biocalcificación en animales.
- Comprender el papel de las anidrasas alfa-carbónicas (alfa-CAs) en la evolución animal temprana.
Principales métodos:
- El enfoque de la paleogenómica.
- Análisis de la expresión de genes y proteínas Análisis de la expresión de genes y proteínas.
- La reconstrucción filogenética usando Astrosclera willeyana.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó el precursor de las anidrasas alfa-carbónicas (alfa-CAs) dentro del antiguo conjunto de herramientas esqueletogénicas.
- Se ha demostrado la expansión de la familia de genes alfa-CA a través de eventos independientes de duplicación génica en esponjas y eumetazoos.
- Proporcionó información sobre la evolución de la biocalcificación en el "fósil vivo" de la demospongia Astrosclera willeyana.
Conclusiones:
- La familia de genes de la anidrasa alfa-carbónica (alfa-CA) se originó a partir de un solo gen ancestral.
- Los eventos de duplicación genética jugaron un papel crucial en la evolución y diversificación de los alfa-CA en los animales.
- Comprender la paleogenómica de las esponjas ilumina los procesos fundamentales en la evolución animal temprana y la biomineralización.
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