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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases02:54

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases

Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases02:54

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases

Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Phosphorylation01:02

Phosphorylation

The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
Phosphorylation01:02

Phosphorylation

The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

Calmodulin-dependent Signaling

Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...

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Investigation of Synaptic Tagging/Capture and Cross-capture using Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rodents
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Memoria molecular mediada por fosfato impulsada por dos proteínas cinasas diferentes como elementos de entrada de

Kin-Ya Tomizaki1, Hisakazu Mihara

  • 1Department of Bioengineering and The COE21 Program, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 B-40 Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama, Japan. tomizaki@rite.or.jp

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 15, 2007
PubMed
Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron un sistema de memoria molecular utilizando un péptido que realiza operaciones lógicas booleanas. Este sistema registra, almacena, lee y borra información a través de fosforilación y desfosforilación, allanando el camino para la computación molecular.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La ingeniería molecular es una ingeniería molecular.
  • La computación biomolecular es un proceso informático.
  • Nanotecnología La nanotecnología es la nanotecnología.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Creciente interés en dispositivos de escala molecular para operaciones lógicas booleanas.
  • Los esfuerzos anteriores se centraron en los insumos químicos, físicos y biológicos para las puertas de lógica molecular.
  • Necesidad de sistemas de memoria molecular robustos para el procesamiento de información.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Diseñar y sintetizar un nuevo péptido de sustrato de proteína quinasa en tándem para la memoria molecular mediada por fosfato.
  • Para demostrar operaciones lógicas básicas (AND, OR, NOR) utilizando este sistema molecular.
  • Explorar el potencial para el procesamiento y la computación de información basada en moléculas.

Principales métodos:

  • Diseño y síntesis de un péptido tándem con dos regiones fosforilables y un derivado N-terminal de espiropyran.
  • Utilizó fosforilación catalizada por kinasa para registrar información y desfosforilación catalizada por fosfatasa para borrarla.
  • Se emplean cambios de termocoloración de espiropirano a merocianina (SP a MC) para la lectura de señales y polímeros iónicos para la programación de funciones lógicas.

Principales resultados:

  • Se demostraron con éxito las operaciones lógicas AND, OR y NOR basadas en cambios de termocoloración SP-a-MC inducidos por fosforilación.
  • La información se almacenó de manera estable como fosfoesters y se leyó a través de extensión de termocoloración.
  • El sistema demostró un ciclo completo de grabación, almacenamiento, lectura y borrado.

Conclusiones:

  • El sistema basado en péptidos desarrollado funciona como una memoria molecular mediada por fosfato.
  • Los experimentos de prueba de concepto muestran potencial para el procesamiento y la computación basados en moléculas.
  • Este trabajo proporciona una base para el desarrollo de dispositivos prácticos de almacenamiento y procesamiento de información molecular.