Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: May 13, 2026
13:27
Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface
Published on: June 8, 2015
Vapor de agua en la atmósfera de un planeta extrasolar en tránsito
Giovanna Tinetti1, Alfred Vidal-Madjar, Mao-Chang Liang
1European Space Agency, Frascati 00044, Italy. gio@gps.caltech.edu
Nature
|July 13, 2007
Resumen
Los científicos detectaron vapor de agua en la atmósfera del Júpiter caliente HD 189733b. Este hallazgo, observado durante los tránsitos planetarios, confirma el agua.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia exoplanetaria Ciencia de los exoplanetas.
- Física de la atmósfera Física de la atmósfera
- Astronomía por infrarrojos Astronomía por infrarrojos
Sus antecedentes:
- El agua es una molécula clave en las atmósferas de los Júpiter calientes.
- Los intentos anteriores de detectar agua en estos planetas han dado resultados no concluyentes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar las observaciones recientes del Júpiter caliente HD 189733b durante su tránsito.
- Para investigar la causa de las variaciones dependientes de la longitud de onda en el radio efectivo del planeta.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de infrarrojos (3.6, 5.8 y 8 μm) y observaciones de luz visible durante el tránsito planetario.
- Interpretando las variaciones del radio efectivo como firmas de absorción.
Principales resultados:
- La absorción de vapor de agua es la explicación más probable para las variaciones de radio efectivo observadas en longitudes de onda infrarrojas.
- El mayor radio efectivo en longitudes de onda visibles puede deberse a la variabilidad estelar o nubes / brumas.
- La no detección previa de agua se explica por el perfil atmosférico casi isotérmico del planeta.
Conclusiones:
- Este estudio proporciona evidencia convincente para el vapor de agua en la atmósfera de HD 189733b.
- Comprender la composición atmosférica es crucial para la caracterización de los exoplanetas.
- Los perfiles atmosféricos influyen significativamente en la detectabilidad de las especies moleculares.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:23States of Water
Water exists in any one of the three classical states: solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (steam or water vapor). The state of water depends on i) the intermolecular forces that draw molecules together and ii) the kinetic energy that leads to movements that pull them apart.
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
01:18Vaporization
The physical form of a substance changes by changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. For vaporization to occur, kinetic energy must be greater than the intermolecular forces that keep molecules bonded. The amount of energy needed to vaporize a quantity of liquid at a given pressure and a constant temperature is called the heat of vaporization. When...
01:00The Water Cycle
The Earth’s hydrosphere includes all of the areas where the storage and movement of water occurs. Since water is the basis of all living processes, the cycling of water is extremely important to ecosystem dynamics.
02:39Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation
The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...
02:34Vapor Pressure
When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules move randomly about, they will occasionally collide with the surface of the condensed phase, and in some cases, these collisions will result in the molecules re-entering the condensed phase. The change from the gas phase to the liquid is called condensation. When the rate of condensation becomes equal to the rate of vaporization, neither the amount of the liquid nor the amount of the vapor...
01:18Variation of Atmospheric Pressure
Change in atmospheric pressure with height is particularly interesting. The decrease in atmospheric pressure with increasing altitude is due to the decreasing gravitational force per unit area as we move away from the surface of the earth.
Assuming the air temperature is constant at a given altitude and that the ideal gas law of thermodynamics describes the atmosphere to a good approximation, one can find the variation of atmospheric pressure with height.
Let p(y) be the atmospheric pressure at...
Assuming the air temperature is constant at a given altitude and that the ideal gas law of thermodynamics describes the atmosphere to a good approximation, one can find the variation of atmospheric pressure with height.
Let p(y) be the atmospheric pressure at...