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Forzamiento radiativo indirecto del cambio climático a través de los efectos del ozono en el sumidero de carbono
S Sitch1, P M Cox, W J Collins
1Met Office, Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research (JCHMR), Maclean Building, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK. stephen.sitch@metoffice.gov.uk
Nature
|July 27, 2007
Resumen
El aumento de los niveles de ozono troposférico reduce significativamente el sumidero de carbono de la tierra, lo que afecta la productividad de las plantas. Este efecto puede acelerar el calentamiento global más que el ozono.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del clima ciencia del clima.
- Los ciclos biogeoquímicos son ciclos biogeoquímicos.
- Fisiología vegetal Fisiología vegetal
Sus antecedentes:
- La evolución del clima de la Tierra depende de la eliminación de dióxido de carbono atmosférico (CO2) por los ciclos de carbono de la tierra y el océano.
- Los modelos climáticos anteriores pasaron por alto los cambios químicos atmosféricos, específicamente el aumento del ozono troposférico.
- Los combustibles fósiles y la quema de biomasa han duplicado el ozono troposférico medio global, con nuevos aumentos proyectados.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Cuantificar el impacto de los cambios proyectados en el ozono troposférico en el sumidero de carbono terrestre.
- Para investigar la interacción entre el ozono, el dióxido de carbono y el cierre estomático de las plantas.
- Para evaluar el efecto indirecto del ozono en el calentamiento global.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó un modelo global del ciclo del carbono terrestre que incorporaba los efectos de la deposición de ozono en la fotosíntesis.
- Teniendo en cuenta las interacciones entre el ozono y el CO2 a través de mecanismos de cierre estomático.
- Empleó parámetros de sensibilidad derivados de experimentos de campo.
Principales resultados:
- Los aumentos proyectados en el ozono troposférico suprimen significativamente el sumidero de carbono terrestre global.
- El impacto negativo del ozono en la productividad de las plantas conduce a una mayor acumulación de CO2 en la atmósfera.
- El forzamiento radiactivo indirecto del ozono a través de los efectos de la planta puede exceder el forzamiento radiactivo directo.
Conclusiones:
- El impacto del ozono troposférico en la productividad de las plantas es un factor crítico, anteriormente subestimado, en el cambio climático.
- La respuesta del sumidero de carbono terrestre al ozono requiere proyecciones climáticas revisadas.
- Los efectos indirectos del ozono en el clima merecen una mayor investigación y consideración en la política climática.
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