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Síntesis de copolímeros de bloque de peine de alto peso molecular y su ensamblaje en morfologías ordenadas en estado
1Department of Chemistry, 423K Chemistry Building, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 10, 2007
Resumen
Los investigadores sintetizaron copolímeros de bloque de peine de alto peso molecular, logrando estructuras ordenadas a más de 200 nm sin aditivos. Estas nuevas arquitecturas de polímeros ofrecen nuevas posibilidades para los materiales de autoensamblaje.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Química de Polímeros La Química de Polímeros es la química de los polímeros.
- Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
- Nanotecnología La nanotecnología es la nanotecnología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los copolímeros de bloque son cruciales para el autoensamblaje en nanoestructuras ordenadas.
- Lograr grandes tamaños de dominio (>100 nm) en morfologías de polímeros ordenados normalmente requiere aditivos.
- El control de la arquitectura del polímero es clave para ajustar las propiedades de autoensamblaje.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar una síntesis simple para copolímeros de bloque de peine de alto peso molecular.
- Investigar el autoensamblaje en estado sólido de estos nuevos polímeros en morfologías ordenadas.
- Para comparar el comportamiento de ensamblaje de los copolímeros de bloque de peine con los copolímeros de bloque lineal.
Principales métodos:
- Síntesis en dos pasos utilizando la polimerización de la metátesis de apertura de anillos y la polimerización de radicales de transferencia atómica.
- Caracterización de polímeros utilizando técnicas que aseguran una baja polidispersidad.
- El ensamblaje en estado sólido inducido por la evaporación del disolvente y el recocido térmico.
- Análisis de la morfología a través de electrones de barrido y microscopía óptica.
Principales resultados:
- Síntesis exitosa de copolímeros de bloque de peine con pesos moleculares > 1.000.000 g/mol.
- Formación de morfologías ordenadas (esférica, lamelar, cilíndrica) con tamaños de dominio que van desde 132 a 258 nm sin aditivos.
- Demostración de la reflexión de la luz por los materiales ensamblados, ajustable por la inflamación del disolvente.
Conclusiones:
- Los copolímeros de bloque de peine pueden lograr morfologías ordenadas de gran dominio en el estado sólido sin aditivos.
- Este trabajo amplía la gama de arquitecturas de polímeros y pesos moleculares capaces de ensamblarse en estado sólido.
- Los hallazgos proporcionan una nueva plataforma para crear materiales avanzados con estructuras sintonizables a nanoescala.
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