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La formación de bromato inducida por la luz solar en el agua de mar clorada
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 25, 1977
Resumen
El agua clorada introduce compuestos tóxicos como el ácido hipobromo y las haloaminas en los ecosistemas costeros. La luz solar puede convertirlos en iones de bromato persistentes con impactos ecológicos desconocidos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Química del medio ambiente Química del medio ambiente
- Biología Marina Biología Marina.
- Ecotoxicología Ecotoxicología.
Sus antecedentes:
- El aumento de la descarga de aguas cloradas en los entornos estuarios y costeros.
- La reactividad del cloro con el bromuro natural y el amoníaco en sistemas acuáticos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para identificar y caracterizar los subproductos tóxicos formados por la desinfección de cloro en las aguas costeras.
- Evaluar el destino ambiental y los riesgos potenciales de estos subproductos de la desinfección.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis químico de muestras de agua de estuarios y costas.
- Investigando las vías de reacción del cloro con el bromuro y el amoníaco.
- Monitoreo de la formación y persistencia de los subproductos de la desinfección en condiciones simuladas de luz solar.
Principales resultados:
- Formación de ácido hipobromoso altamente tóxico, ion hipobromita y haloaminas.
- La conversión inducida por la luz solar de hasta el 50% en iones de bromato.
- Ion bromato identificado como un compuesto persistente con toxicidad desconocida en aguas naturales.
Conclusiones:
- La cloración de las aguas estuariales y costeras genera importantes subproductos tóxicos.
- El ion bromato plantea un riesgo ambiental potencial a largo plazo debido a su persistencia y toxicidad desconocida.
- Se necesita más investigación para comprender el impacto ecológico del ion bromato.
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