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La disminución internacional en el uso de aceite en los hogares
Resumen
El uso de aceite para calefacción en los principales países de la OCDE disminuyó significativamente entre 1972 y 1983, con ahorros sustanciales, probablemente permanentes, de conservación logrados a través de un consumo reducido por hogar y menos residencias calentadas con aceite.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Economía de la energía Economía de la energía.
- Política medioambiental La política medioambiental es la política que tiene que ver con el medio ambiente.
- Gestión de la gestión de recursos.
Sus antecedentes:
- El consumo de aceite para calefacción aumentó significativamente en los países desarrollados a mediados de la década de 1970.
- Comprender los impulsores del cambio en el uso del petróleo es crucial para la política energética y los esfuerzos de conservación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para estimar los componentes permanentes y reversibles de los cambios en el uso de aceite de calefacción.
- Analizar los factores que contribuyen al aumento y posterior disminución del consumo de petróleo en los principales países de la OCDE.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis econométrico de los datos de consumo de aceite para calefacción.
- Descomposición de los cambios en el uso del petróleo en componentes relacionados con el número de hogares calentados y el consumo por hogar.
Principales resultados:
- El uso residencial de petróleo en siete países de la OCDE disminuyó en un 40% entre 1972 y 1983, ahorrando 1.2 millones de barriles por día.
- Un tercio de los ahorros provino de menos hogares con calefacción por aceite; dos tercios de un uso reducido por hogar.
- La conservación real se subestima debido al aumento del tamaño de la vivienda y la penetración de la calefacción central.
Conclusiones:
- Al menos el 46% de los ahorros totales de petróleo son permanentes.
- Los ahorros reversibles podrían verse influenciados por futuras fluctuaciones del precio del petróleo.
- Se espera que la mayoría de los ahorros de conservación se mantengan y potencialmente aumenten con el tiempo.
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