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"Conciencia de sí mismo" en la paloma.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 8, 1981
Resumen
Las palomas demostraron reconocimiento de sí mismas en el espejo mediante la localización de manchas corporales invisibles. Este comportamiento, observado en los primates, puede explicarse por factores ambientales en lugar de por una cognición compleja.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Comportamiento animal Comportamiento animal.
- Psicología comparada y psicología comparada.
- La cognición de las aves.
Sus antecedentes:
- El reconocimiento de sí mismo en el espejo es un comportamiento complejo.
- Los primates exhiben un auto-reconocimiento espejo, a menudo vinculado al auto-concepto.
- Se debate la base cognitiva del auto-reconocimiento espejo en especies no primates.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el auto-reconocimiento espejo en palomas.
- Para determinar si las palomas pueden usar espejos para guiar las acciones hacia sus propios cuerpos.
- Explorar explicaciones alternativas para el comportamiento guiado por espejos en animales.
Principales métodos:
- Tres palomas fueron entrenadas para usar un espejo.
- Las palomas fueron condicionadas para localizar un punto específico en su cuerpo usando retroalimentación de espejo.
- El estudio observó la capacidad de las palomas para interactuar con el punto marcado.
Principales resultados:
- Las palomas usaron con éxito el espejo para orientarse y localizar el punto objetivo en sus cuerpos.
- El comportamiento demostró una capacidad de acción autodirigida guiada por información visual-espacial.
- No hay evidencia que sugiera que los procesos cognitivos complejos como la autoconciencia fueran necesarios.
Conclusiones:
- Las palomas pueden exhibir comportamientos previamente asociados con el auto-reconocimiento.
- Los hallazgos sugieren que el aprendizaje ambiental y el control de estímulos pueden explicar tales comportamientos.
- Esto desafía la suposición de que las acciones autodirigidas guiadas por el espejo requieren un autoconcepto sofisticado.
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