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La génesis y el colapso de la civilización mesopotámica del norte del tercer milenio
Resumen
Un año 2200 a.C. erupción volcánica desencadenó un abrupto cambio climático, causando el colapso de la civilización Subir en Siria e impactando en el Imperio acadio. Este evento condujo a una deserción regional generalizada y a la degradación de la tierra.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Arqueología Arqueología.
- Paleoclimatología Paleoclimatología
- Civilizaciones antiguas.
Sus antecedentes:
- La civilización Subir, una sociedad agrícola del tercer milenio alimentada por la lluvia, floreció en las llanuras de Habur, en el norte de Mesopotamia.
- La vida urbana en Tell Leilan se mantuvo durante cuatro siglos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para definir el origen, el crecimiento y el colapso de la civilización Subir.
- Investigar el impacto del cambio climático abrupto en las sociedades y imperios antiguos.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de datos arqueológicos.
- Examen de los registros estratigráficos del suelo.
Principales resultados:
- Una erupción volcánica en el año 2200 a.C. condujo a un aumento de la aridez y la circulación del viento.
- Se produjo una degradación significativa del uso de la tierra, lo que provocó el abandono de Tell Leilan.
- El imperio acadio experimentó un colapso, con deserción regional y un colapso social sincrónico.
Conclusiones:
- El cambio climático abrupto fue un factor importante en el colapso de la civilización Subir.
- El impacto de este evento climático se extendió más allá de las llanuras de Habur, afectando a las regiones adyacentes y al Imperio acadio.
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