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Kinematic History of a Salient-recess Junction Explored through a Combined Approach of Field Data and Analog Sandbox Modeling

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Procesos estructurales en las crestas de expansión lenta.

J C Mutter, J A Karson

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|July 31, 1992

Resumen

Las crestas de extensión lenta en el medio del océano exhiben depresiones con grietas, a diferencia de las crestas de extensión rápida.

Área de la Ciencia:

Geofísica y tectónica.
Geología marina Geología marina.
La tectónica de placas es la tectónica de placas.

Sus antecedentes:

Las crestas oceánicas medias (MORs) exhiben características distintas basadas en la velocidad de propagación.
Las MOR de propagación lenta (<35 mm/año) se caracterizan por depresiones y asimetría de grietas.
Las MOR de rápida propagación presentan estructuras volcánicas simétricas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar los procesos contrastantes de formación de la corteza en las crestas oceánicas de expansión lenta y rápida.
Determinar el papel de la deformación mecánica frente a los procesos magmáticos en la segmentación de las crestas.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de los datos de imágenes sísmicas de las lentas crestas oceánicas de expansión media.

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Comparación de las características geológicas (fallas, terremotos, exposiciones de roca) entre las crestas de expansión lenta y rápida.

Principales resultados:

Las crestas de expansión lenta muestran deformaciones mecánicas significativas, evidenciadas por terremotos profundos, grandes fallas normales y rocas de la corteza inferior expuestas.
La segmentación en las crestas de expansión lenta está vinculada a procesos deformacionales, no principalmente magmáticos.
Las crestas que se extienden rápidamente muestran estructuras volcánicas simétricas y elevadas.

Conclusiones:

La deformación mecánica juega un papel más crítico en la formación de la corteza en las crestas de extensión lenta en comparación con las crestas de extensión rápida.
La segmentación de las crestas de expansión lenta está intrínsecamente ligada al proceso de deformación.
La comprensión de la segmentación de la cresta es clave para comprender la evolución de MOR.